寒冷地区绿色办公建筑适宜技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 04:33

本文关键词：寒冷地区绿色办公建筑适宜技术研究　出处：《沈阳建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国绿色评价体系日益完善、科研评审机构相继成立、国家及地方鼓励政策的出台以及绿色建筑科研课题全面开展,我国绿色建筑事业得到了快速的发展。截至2013年二季度末,6年间全国共评出978项绿色建筑评价标识项目,总建筑面积达到1.05亿平方米。我国既有建筑400亿平方米,绿色建筑占0.25%。其中,绿色公共建筑459项,绿色办公标识211项,占公共建总量约一半。随着我国绿色建筑行业的快速发展,不少绿色建筑项目陆续竣工并已开始运营虽然我国绿色建筑标识数量逐年增加,但绿色建筑运行效果并不理想。首先,绿色建筑技术落实情况较差,很多技术只停留在在设计阶段而未投入运行。标识认证项目也多集中在绿色建筑设计阶段,绿色办公建筑运营标识项目仅占绿色办公建筑总数的8.5%。其次,投入运行的绿色技术效果欠佳,无法实现预期效益。造成绿色技术失效的原因主要有两点：第一,设计者在绿色建筑设计阶段,对技术适宜性和经济性分析不足,未能提出适合项目自身特点、适合场地气候条件、适合业主成本预算和投资回收要求的技术方案。盲目参照绿色建筑评价标准,附加上绿色建筑技术,使建筑设计方案与绿色建筑要求机械地、生硬地结合,造成了部分绿色建筑并不绿色。从而阻碍整个绿色建筑行业的健康快速发展。第二,在建筑投入运行后,缺乏专业物业团队对绿色技术做进一步的监管和维护。因此,绿色建筑在研究方面应增加针对不同区域气候特征,细化建筑类型的适宜技术研究。本文将研究对象设定为寒冷地区办公建筑。主要考虑到办公建筑作为我国公共建筑的重要组成部分,普遍属于高能耗建筑,并且随着大型政府办公项目日益增多,其社会影响力也日益加大。其次,寒冷地区作为我国五大气候区之一,有着冬季寒冷且时间较长,夏季炎热且降水量相对集中。由于该地区冬季、夏季自然气候舒适性较低,室内大多采用空调、采暖系统来满足室内舒适度需求,造成了寒冷地区办公建筑能耗较高。第三,寒冷地区绿色办公建筑运行效果较好,在已获得绿色建筑运行标识的办公项目中,寒冷地区运行标识数量占38.9%,位于五大气候区之首。因此,在该地区推广绿色办公建筑一方面节约能源、资源,另一万而在绿色建筑理念的推广上起到良好的示范带头作用。本文研究方法有别于传统理论研究方法,属于一种反馈型研究模式,即通过实际运行效果对绿色技术的可行性进行检验,然后对理论进行补充和修正。主要从目前我国寒冷地区已经获得绿色建筑标识的项目中选择20个有代表性办公建筑案例作为调研样本,对这些项目中所采用的绿色技术落实情况、运行情况、运行效益三个部分进行调研、统计、分析,总结出寒冷地区办公建筑常用技术和落实困难技术,以及技术运行中出现的问题。通过对绿色技术运行效果的调研,总结出不同的绿色技术在寒冷地区办公建筑中的适宜性。在既有的办公建筑绿色技术研究基础上,结合寒冷地区气候特征以及绿色建筑实际运行效果,总结出适宜寒冷地区办公建筑采用的绿色技术。本文绿色技术主要包括绿色建筑设计和适宜技术选型两部分。1.绿色建筑设计是指通过设计使建筑满足现行条件下自身绿色,即最大程度的利用有利环境(风、光、景观),避开场地内不利的环境(噪声、粉尘)。此部分总结出绿色建筑各专业(场地设计、建筑设计、暖通设计等)的设计原则；2.适宜技术选型部分针对寒冷地区办公建筑适宜技术(模拟技术、节能技术、节水技术、智能化技术等)的使用条件、实施要点、经济效益等进行归纳总结,以便于指导不同规模、不同投资预期的办公建筑进行技术选型。最后以中国海油大厦项目为例综合说明寒冷地区绿色办公建筑适宜技术在实际中的应用情况。对项目的方案设计、技术选型以及运行效益进行介绍,以便为今后寒冷地区绿色办公建筑设计提供借鉴模式。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the green evaluation in our country is increasingly perfect, scientific research evaluation agencies have been established, and the introduction of national policies and encourage local green building to carry out a comprehensive research project, China's green building industry has made rapid development. At the end of the two quarter of 2013, a total of 6 years' 978 green building label project total construction area of 105 million square meters. The existing building 40 billion square meters of green building in China, which accounted for 0.25%., the green public building 459, Green Office identified 211 items, accounting for about half of the total public construction. With the rapid development of the construction industry of our country green, many green building projects have been completed and has started operations while the number of green building labeling in China increased year by year, but the result is not ideal. The first green building, green building technology implementation is poor, a lot of technology only stay in at the design stage Without the project put into operation. Identity authentication is also more concentrated in the green building design stage, green office building operations projects accounted for only the total number of green office building 8.5%. second, poor effect of green technology is put into operation, can not achieve the expected benefits. The cause of the failure of the green technology has two main points: first, the designer in the green building design stage the lack of suitable technology, analysis and economical, suitable for the project failed to put forward its own characteristics, suitable for space weather conditions, suitable for the owners cost budget and investment recovery process requirements. The blind reference evaluation standard of green building, green building technology added, the building design and green building requirements of mechanical, rigid combination, cause the green building is not green. The rapid development of the green building industry which hinder health. In second, put into operation after construction, The lack of professional property team of green technology to do further supervision and maintenance. Therefore, the green building should be increased according to different regional climate characteristics in terms of research, study on appropriate technology type refinement architecture. This paper will study the object set for office building in cold region. The main consideration to the office building as an important part of our country's public buildings, generally belongs to the high energy consumption buildings, and with more and more large projects of government office, its social influence is also growing. Secondly, the cold area as one of the five regions in China, has a long and cold winter, hot summer and the rainfall is relatively concentrated. Because the area in winter, summer climate comfort low indoor most of the air conditioning and heating system to meet the indoor comfort requirements, resulting in energy consumption of office building in cold region is high. Third, green office in cold area Good operation effect of buildings, green building has been in operation identification to obtain office projects, the number of operation to identify cold area accounted for 38.9%, located in five climatic zones for the first time. Therefore, the promotion of green office building on the one hand in the area of energy conservation, resources, promotion and other ten thousand in the green building concept to play good exemplary role. This research method is different from the traditional theory research method, belongs to a type of feedback mode, namely the feasibility of green technology through the actual operation effect test, and then to supplement and amend the theory. Mainly from the current cold area of China Green building project logo have been selected with 20 the representative office building as a case study, and the implementation of the green technology used in these projects in operation, operational efficiency of three parts to carry on the investigation, statistics, analysis, summary The common technology of office building in cold region and the difficulty of implementation of technology and technical problems in operation. Through investigation and Research on the operation effect of green technology, summed up the suitability of green technology in cold regions of different office buildings. In the existing office building green technology research foundation, combined with the characteristics of cold climate and green building the actual operation results, summed up the green office building suitable technology used in cold regions. The green technology mainly includes the design of green building and appropriate technology selection of the two part of the.1. green building design refers to the design of the building to meet the current condition of its green, is the best use of favorable environment (wind, light, landscape), avoiding the environment the unfavorable site (noise, dust). This part summarizes the professional green building (site design, architectural design, HVAC design of the original design) The 2. part of the choice of appropriate technology; appropriate technology for office building in cold region (simulation technology, energy-saving technologies, water-saving technology, intelligent technology etc.) implementation conditions of use, and summarize the economic benefits, in order to guide the different scale, different office buildings investment is expected to make technology selection. At last Chinese CNOOC building the general description of the project as an example in cold area green office building of appropriate technology in practical application. The design of the project, introduced the technology selection and operation efficiency, so as to provide a reference for the future design mode of green office building in cold area.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU201.5

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