基于信息相依性的建筑设计流程优化研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 01:15

本文关键词： 设计流程并行工程信息相依性　出处：《清华大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着近年来国内经济的快速发展,人们对建筑的需求朝着智能化、个性化、复杂化的方向不断提高,致使业主对建筑设计周期和质量的要求也不断增加。对于复杂的建筑工程设计而言,难度不仅在于技术本身的复杂性,更多的来自于设计管理的复杂性。建筑设计是一个多专业多学科协同的过程,在这个过程中存在大量设计任务之间信息的彼此依赖,因此造成了大量、密集的信息交流。有效的设计流程优化就是让不同设计者遵循设计信息相依的规律协作,减少因设计流程不合理而导致的设计迭代与返工,进一步节省项目设计时间、提高生产效能。不过,目前并行工程的相依性研究多属于理论层次,缺乏基于案例的数据积累。另一方面,设计流程的优化研究大多停留在设计系统的层面没有分解到具体的工作,也难以实现设计流程的经验积累。所以,本研究的目的就是找到符合建筑项目特征的经验,加速设计优化过程,提高管理效率。论文基于一个高层综合办公楼案例,建立了详细的公共建筑施工图设计流程模型。首先,应用IDEF0v技术将建筑设计流程分解为6大专业,290个底层工作包,对每个设计任务的总共1751个设计信息的流向进行分析。在此基础上,以设计专家打分的方式针对设计任务受相关信息影响的程度(敏感度)和对需求信息预估的偏差程度(估偏度)半定量描述设计任务间的依赖度。其次,本研究采用较为保守的最大值估计法衡量设计任务依赖矩阵,以设计任务相依矩阵为基础,结合ADePT技术优化案例的设计流程。最后,对案例的传统设计流程和优化后设计流程方案进行对比,对各种优化措施进行分析,找出优化的主要途径及主要优化节点。经实例验证,通过对设计任务顺序的调整和部分工作内容的改进,可以有效减少信息等待的时间,减少设计任务的修改,并从认知心理学的角度减少工作碎片化,提高工作效率,最终达到减少设计迭代与返工,缩短设计周期的目的。本研究的主要贡献在于针对特定种类的项目进行实践经验的积累,就设计相依性的角度来说,本研究控制人为与环境因素,识别信息相依的规律,对于产业来说有着实践性的价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of domestic economy in recent years, people's demand for architecture is increasing in the direction of intelligence, individuation and complexity. As a result, the owners of the architectural design cycle and quality requirements are also increasing. For complex architectural engineering design, the difficulty lies not only in the complexity of the technology itself. Architecture design is a multi-disciplinary collaborative process, in which there is a large number of design tasks to rely on each other, resulting in a large number of. Effective design process optimization is to let different designers follow the law of design information dependent collaboration, reduce the design process due to unreasonable design iteration and rework. Further save project design time, improve production efficiency. However, at present, the dependence of concurrent engineering mostly belongs to the theoretical level, the lack of case-based data accumulation. On the other hand. The research of design process optimization mostly stays in the design system level has not decomposed to the concrete work, also is difficult to realize the design process the experience accumulation. The purpose of this study is to find out the experience that accords with the characteristics of the building project, accelerate the design optimization process and improve the management efficiency. A detailed design process model of construction drawings for public buildings is established. Firstly, the architecture design process is decomposed into 6 specialties and 290 working packages by using IDEF0v technology. The flow direction of a total of 1751 design information per design task is analyzed. According to the degree (sensitivity) of the design task affected by the relevant information and the deviation degree of the demand information estimate (bias degree), the degree of dependence between the design tasks is described by the way of the design expert scoring. Secondly, the degree of dependence between the design tasks is described. This study uses the conservative maximum estimation method to measure the design task dependence matrix, based on the design task dependency matrix, combined with ADePT technology to optimize the design process. Finally. Compare the traditional design process and the optimized design flow scheme, analyze the various optimization measures, find out the main ways of optimization and the main optimization nodes. By adjusting the order of design tasks and improving some work contents, we can effectively reduce the waiting time of information, reduce the modification of design tasks, and reduce the fragmentation of work from the perspective of cognitive psychology. The main contribution of this study is the accumulation of practical experience for specific types of projects. From the point of view of design dependence, this study has practical value for industry to control human and environmental factors and identify the law of information dependence.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU201

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