面向老龄化社会的家庭卫浴产品通用设计研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 07:04

本文选题：老年人　切入点：通用设计　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国在20世纪末已经进入了人口老龄化阶段,人口老龄化及其所引起的一系列社会问题,不仅与国家的人口安全相关,更与国家的经济发展、社会的和谐稳定密切相关。我国的人口老龄化发展呈现基数大、速度快、高龄化的特点,这无疑给从事“适老化”研究仅十余载的中国带来了巨大压力。目前国内的社会养老体系并不能适应快速增长的老年人口,居家养老仍是绝大多数老年人的首选。但是现有的家居产品大多只是为了满足中青年的需求而设计的,并没有充分考虑老年群体需求的特殊性。由于适老化产品的缺乏,居家养老模式下不仅增加了家庭养老的负担,也降低了老年群体晚年的生活品质。因而如何提供让老年人使用安全、使用舒适的家居产品成为亟待解决的社会问题,设计者应秉持关爱之心,充分考虑老年群体的生理、心理和行为特征,结合老年群体的具体需求,使所设计的产品尽可能的实现通用化。通用设计倡导无歧视、同等机会和尊重个人权利,这种以关爱为核心的设计理念、设计方法能够为应对社会人口结构老年化提供合适的解决方法。从某种角度可以说,老年群体是通用设计的最大受益人。本研究以居家养老的城市老年人为研究对象,以为其家庭提供通用卫浴产品为研究目标,以通用设计理论为指导,采用多学科交叉的研究方法,对比分析现有卫浴产品及国内外研究现状,深入分析老年用户的心理和生理特点及需求,并尝试进行具体的方案设计。“适老”需要先“知老”,只有充分了解老年用户需要什么才能更好的为他们进行设计,因此,老年产品的设计对于老年群体需求的把握至关重要。论文中通过层次分析法(AHP)在质量屋(QFD)中的应用,深入发掘老年用户对卫浴产品的需求,结合通用设计原则,使用问题发明原理(TRIZ)积极寻找合理的解决办法,并以城市养老家庭的卫浴产品的设计实践,验证了这种集合QFD/TRIZ/AHP理论的创新设计模式。最终设计方案能够在一定程度上帮助缓解城市家庭的养老压力,能够体现设计本身对老年群体的关爱。
[Abstract]:At the end of 20th century, China has entered the stage of population aging. The aging of the population and a series of social problems caused by it are not only related to the security of the country's population, but also to the country's economic development. The social harmony and stability are closely related. The aging population of our country has the characteristics of large base, fast speed and aging. This has undoubtedly put great pressure on China, which has been engaged in the study of "suitable aging" for only a dozen years. At present, the domestic social pension system cannot adapt to the rapid growth of the elderly population. Home pension is still the first choice for the majority of the elderly. However, most of the existing household products are designed to meet the needs of young and middle-aged people, and do not fully take into account the particularity of the needs of the elderly population. The family pension model not only increases the burden of the family pension, but also reduces the quality of life of the elderly in their old age. Therefore, how to provide safe and comfortable household products for the elderly has become a social problem to be solved urgently. Designers should take care and care of their hearts, fully consider the physical, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly, and combine the specific needs of the elderly to make the designed products as universal as possible. Universal design advocates non-discrimination, The idea of equal opportunity and respect for individual rights, a caring design approach, can provide the right solution to the ageing of the demographic structure of society. The elderly group is the biggest beneficiary of the universal design. This study takes the elderly who live at home for the aged as the research object, for their families to provide general sanitary ware products as the research goal, and under the guidance of the general design theory. By using the method of interdisciplinary research, the present sanitary ware products and the current research situation at home and abroad were compared and analyzed, and the psychological and physiological characteristics and demands of the elderly users were analyzed. And try to design a specific scheme. "suitable for the elderly" needs to "know the old", only fully understand what elderly users need to be better designed for them, so, The design of the aged product is very important to grasp the needs of the elderly population. Through the application of the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in the QFDs of the quality House, the demand of the elderly users for the sanitary ware products is deeply explored, and the general design principles are combined. Using the principle of problem invention, Triz is actively looking for a reasonable solution and the design practice of the sanitary ware products for the aged families in the city. Finally, the final design scheme can help to alleviate the pressure of urban families to support the aged to a certain extent, and can reflect the design itself care for the elderly group.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB472

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