网络治理视角下我国危机管理预警机制的研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 16:56

本文关键词：网络治理视角下我国危机管理预警机制的研究　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前我国正处于激烈的社会转型时期,处于公共危机的突发和高发期,各种突发公共事件越来越频繁地刺激着中国公众的神经末梢,其解决程度直接影响着中国政府的威信力,考验着公众对政府的信任程度,是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要指标。因此,中国要做好各方面的准备,以应对公共危机事件所带来的重大挑战和严峻考验。本文通过对网络治理视角下公共危机预警机制的研究为切入点,在对当前我国公共危机预警机制现状以及形成原因分析的基础上,旨在探索符合我国基本国情的公共危机预警机制,以增强我国在公共危机事件中的预判力和风险对抗力,进一步实现社会主义和谐社会的建设目标。在公共危机预警机制理论与网络化治理理论的指导下,应用文献资料分析法、理论实际相结合以及定性分析法,重点分析我国现有公共危机预警机制存在的问题及成因,同时提出了在网络治理理论指导下解决公共危机预警问题的若干策略。文章首先介绍了选题依据、学术价值、应用价值、相关理论与研究方法、本选题的创新之处,以及国内外研究现状。具体从公共危机管理预警机制与网络治理的相关概念及理论阐述出发,论述了网路治理的内涵和策略,指出新型网络治理模式的特征主要体现在以下方面:首先,动态性、专业化同多元合作相结合。其次,信任、合作是公共治理的实现机制。再次,坚持政府在网络治理中的主体地位。同时公共危机网络治理理论进行了论述。其次,本文对于我国公共危机预警机制的现状进行了分析,指出从2003来非典以来,经历了汶川地震的特大危机事件,我国的公共危机预警机制的建设收到了一定的成效,但现阶段,我国公共危机预警机制的建设并不是很完善,对于严重的公共危机事件起不到应有的预警作用。在公共危机全球化、常态化、复杂化、危机管理国际化的情况下,政府作为公共权力的代理人和集中行使者,在危机预警工作中负有很大的责任。再次,本文论述了我国公共危机预警机制存在的问题以及网络治理视角下公共危机管理预警机制问题的成因。具体包括:1.缺乏与其他社会主体及其他国际组织合作治理。我国公共危机预警机制是以政府为主体的公共管理体系,现阶段其他社会组织及公民社会的参与度较低。2.预警体系不能网络化,导致各自为战,效率低下。当信息到达相关政府部门后,又要下达给下属相关部门,直接导致了各自为战,预警体系效率低下。3.信息不能网络化,导致信息滞后信息具有时效性,过了期限就不能成为有用的信息。对危机预警信息来讲,时效性更为关键。4.政策网络不健全。本森(Benson)认为“政策网络是一个复杂但资源相互依赖的组织集群”。5.危机预警机制管理主体单一性。6.公共危机预警体系不完善。7.官民互动缺失。8.信息公开透明在危机预警中的缺位等问题。最后,本文对于这些问题文章接下来指出网络治理在解决这些问题时具有明显的优势,主要体现在:专门化、创新型、速度与灵活和极具影响力等四个方面。最后为完善公共危机预警机制,在网络治理的视角下提出了八项策略:1.加强法律制度建设,形成网络化制度体。2.建立网络化的信息公开系统和危机监测系统。3.确立以“4E”为取向的价值体系。4.改变信息收集与传递渠道。5.发展多元主体,形成网络预警。6.多渠道、宽网络提供资源保障及社会资本。7.整合行政组织,优化危机预警网络体系。8.建立动态协调网络体系,促进科学预警机制。总之,从实践上来看,我国现有的公共危机预警机制已具有向多元化、层次化、系统化、动态协调化的方向发展。但是由于我国公共危机的预警机制信息公开透明度偏低、人治观念依然存在、缺乏科学问责制、公共危机预警体系不完善、公共危机预警体系运作并不系统、条块分割突显、动态化协调和机动化调度难以实现、缺乏危机管理方面的相关立法等原因,导致了目前我国有保障无体系、有体系无网络的现实困境。因此,我国在面对公共危机事件时,只会忙于“急来保救”而不能从根本上做好公共危机的预警,更不利于我国公共危机问题的防范和根本解决。文章将根据我国公共危机预警机制的现状,在学术界已有研究的基础上,把我国公共危机管理预警机制作为研究对象,并将其置于网络治理的视角下全面系统的考察和分析,从而试图找到一些增强我国公共危机预警能力的新思路和新方法。探索有效的途径、提高我国公共危机问题的预防和处理能力,使我国的危机危机预警机制更加全面化、系统化、立体化,从而进一步通过网络化的治理减少我国公共危机事件的发生,为创造社会主义和谐社会作出贡献。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the fierce social transformation period, in the sudden public crisis and the high incidence of various public emergencies increasingly stimulate public China nerve endings, the solution directly affects the level of China authority, a test of the level of public trust in the government, is an important index of constructing socialist harmonious society the. Therefore, China should prepare all aspects to deal with the major challenges and severe tests brought by the public crisis. Based on the research of the public crisis warning mechanism of network governance perspective as the breakthrough point, on the current situation and the formation of public crisis warning mechanism based on the analysis of the causes, to explore with the basic situation of our country public crisis early warning mechanism, to strengthen our country in public crisis pre judgment and risk countermeasure further, achieve the goal of building a socialist harmonious society. In the governance theory of public crisis warning mechanism and network under the guidance of the application of the method of literature analysis, combining theory and practice, qualitative analysis, analysis of problems and causes of China's public crisis warning mechanism, and puts forward some strategies in the network governance theory under the guidance of solving public crisis warning problem. This paper first introduces the basis of selection, academic value, application value, related theories and research methods, the innovation of this topic, and the current research situation both at home and abroad. From the concept of public crisis management and early warning mechanism of network governance and the theory of view, discusses the connotation and strategy of Internet governance, points out the characteristics of the new type of network governance is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first of all, dynamic, professional and pluralistic cooperation combination. Secondly, trust and cooperation are the realization mechanism of public governance. Again, adhere to the main position of the government in the network governance. At the same time, the theory of public crisis network governance is discussed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the current situation of public crisis warning mechanism in our country, pointed out that from 2003 to SARS has experienced severe crisis of the Wenchuan earthquake, China's construction of early warning mechanism of public crisis, received some success, but at this stage, China's public crisis early warning mechanism for the construction is not perfect no, warning function for serious public crisis events. Under the circumstances of globalization, normalization, complication and internationalization of crisis management, the government as a public power agent and a centralized envoy has great responsibilities in the early warning of crisis. Thirdly, this paper discusses the problems of the public crisis early warning mechanism in China and the causes of the problem of the public crisis management and early warning mechanism from the perspective of network governance. Specific include: 1. the lack of cooperation with other social subjects and other international organizations. The public crisis warning mechanism in China is a public management system with the government as the main body, and the participation of other social organizations and civil society is low at this stage. 2. early warning system is not networked, leading to inefficient fight the enemy separately. When the information to the relevant government departments, but also issued to subordinate departments, led directly to the early warning system is inefficient fight the enemy separately. 3. information can not be networked, which leads to the timeliness of information lag information, and the time limit will not be useful information. The timeliness is more critical for the crisis early-warning information. 4. the policy network is not sound. Benson (Benson) believes that "the policy network is a complex and interdependent cluster of resources". 5. the management of the crisis early-warning mechanism is single. 6. the public crisis early-warning system is not perfect. The interaction between the 7. officials and the people was missing. 8. the lack of information disclosure and transparency in crisis warning. Finally, for these problems, the article points out that network governance has obvious advantages in solving these problems, mainly in four aspects: specialization, innovation, speed and flexibility, and influence. Finally, in order to improve the public crisis early warning mechanism, eight strategies are put forward in the perspective of Network Governance: 1. strengthen the construction of the legal system and form a network system. 2. establish a network of information disclosure system and crisis monitoring system. 3. establish the value system oriented by "4E". 4. change information collection and transmission channels. 5. develop multiple subjects to form a network early warning. 6. channels and wide networks provide resource protection and social capital. 7. integrate administrative organizations to optimize the crisis early-warning network system. 8. to establish a dynamic and coordinated network system to promote the scientific early warning mechanism. In a word, from the practical point of view, the existing public crisis early-warning mechanism in China has been developed in the direction of diversification, hierarchy, systematization and dynamic coordination. But as a result of the early warning mechanism of information disclosure transparency of public crisis in China is low, the concept of rule by man still exists, the lack of scientific accountability, public crisis warning system is not perfect, the public crisis warning system is not functioning system, fragmentation of prominence, dynamic coordination and motorized scheduling is difficult to achieve, the lack of relevant legislation in crisis management, causes at present our country security dilemma no system, no network system. Therefore, in the face of public crisis, our country will only be busy with "rush to rescue" and not be able to do a good job in early warning of public crisis. This article according to the present situation of public crisis warning mechanism in our country, based on existing research, the early warning mechanism of public crisis management in China as the research object, and the comprehensive study and analysis of the system in the network governance, thus trying to find some new ideas and new methods of strengthening the public crisis early warning ability. Exploring effective ways to improve the prevention and prevention of public crisis in China
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63

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