重庆市公共租赁住房政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 00:13

本文关键词：重庆市公共租赁住房政策研究　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“人人住有所居”是一个国际性话题，世界各国政府在社会经济的发展进程中都比较在乎保证人们的居住条件，也都在城市化的进程中，根据不同阶段经济的发展状况来制定出不同的住房政策，所有的目标都是为了满足社会各个阶层的住房要求，一项完善的适合本国国情的住房政策将是整个国家的福利，它不仅有利于社会的稳定，更能促进经济的发展，相反，一项不完善的不适合本国国情的住房政策，将会引发一系列社会的不稳定因素，因此，制定出适合本国国情的住房政策一直也将长期是各国政府持续不断并尽最大的努力做好的责任。就以中国为例，自从一九四九年新中国成立，我国政府对住房保障的理念从未停止过，改革开放以前，因为我国刚开始新生活，各种物资都比较匮乏，政府在经济社会中起着绝对的主导作用，所以我们的住房政策也主要是福利性的分房，改革开放以后，经济全面放开，经济在市场化中占据了主导地位，加之人民生活水平不断提高，，对房屋的需求也在不断增长，所以政府对住房态度也采取了商品经济的自由竞争，但是随着经济社会的不断发展，一系列社会问题也凸显出来，单纯的福利性分房或者完全市场调节的商品房制度都不是尽善尽美的，尤其是随着近几年来房价飙升，大量人群买不起属于自己的住房，所以进入二十一世纪以来，以重庆市为首的城市率先在全国开启了“双轨制”的住房政策，即由政府保障中低收入群体的住房问题，而由市场调节和提供高端人群的住房问题，我们国家每个阶段所采取的住房政策都与我国当时的经济发展水平密切相关，国家也越来越注重居民的生活质量，保障性住房也顺势而生。根据最新的数据统计，目前我国总人口中，中低收入人群占据了全国城镇人口的百分之七十，而这些人口的居住问题越来越不能单纯的依靠商品房所解决，因此针对这部分人口的保障性住房以及国家针对这一部分人口所制定的政策成为政府和广大学者们争相关注的话题，保障性住房的主要形式以前主要以经济适用房和廉租房为主，但是随着时间的推移，这两种保障形式越来越凸显出其狭窄性，就以保障对象而言，廉租房主要保障那些低保贫困家庭，而经济适用房的保障对象也主要以农村人口为主，而随着工业时代的到来，劳动力在全国的流转迅速膨胀起来，加之大学毕业生选择留在自己所就读的大学所在的城市现象也越来越普遍，这些人群既不满足廉租房的申请条件，也无力购买商品住房，所以公租房的出现也就不足为奇了，这也体现了我国政府真正的将以人为本作为了自己的座右铭。重庆作为西部新兴的直辖市，其经济发展形势一直备受中央关注，其地位也关系着西部地区的经济发展，随着这两年重庆市人口的激增，重庆市政府对保障性住房也作出了属于自己的努力，其公租房的开展开创了公租房建设的先锋，它首先打破了户籍限制以及采取“双轨制”的住房政策都取得了卓越的成绩，其也成功的跻身于国内几个为数不多的保障性住房做得好的城市之列。多中心治理理论的出现，为公共管理领域增添了一种新的视角，它摆脱了以往政府单一提供公共物品的模式，而将政府、社会以及市场三方调动起来，这较之之前的管理模式，在解决一系列的社会问题上显示出了自己巨大优势，本文所要解决的问题就是运用这一新型理论，为重庆市公租房建设提出自己的一点见解，以期解决目前重庆事公租房建设面临的一系列问题，如：现行的土地供给制度可能使得公租房难以完成其既定目标、对公租房的申请人未加以细分，有可能导致不能实现真正的公平、具体的操作流程还不明朗，存在隐性操作，使监督机制没有发挥其应有的作用，加之公租房运作之初，租金的定位还没有真正落实下来，这也使得公租房的政策未能尽人如意，所以，公租房的建设任道重远，是一项复杂而系统的工程，涉及各方面的利益，我们不仅要一如既往的发挥政府的主导作用外，还要完善相关制度，并给予一定的保障。
[Abstract]:"Everyone is living" is an international topic, governments around the world in the process of social and economic development are more care to ensure that people's living conditions, are also in the city in the process of urbanization, the development situation of different stages of economy to develop different housing policies, all have the goal to meet the housing requirements of the various sectors of society, a perfect for our country housing policy is the national welfare, it is not only conducive to the stability of the society, can promote economic development, on the contrary, a not perfect is not suitable for the national conditions of housing policy, will lead to a series of social instability, so and to develop suitable national conditions of housing policy will also be long-term governments continuously and make the greatest efforts to do the responsibility.
In China as an example, since 1949 the establishment of new China, our government for housing security concept has never been stopped, before the reform and opening up, because our country has just started a new life, a variety of materials are relatively scarce, the government plays the leading role absolutely in the economic society, so our housing policy is welfare the housing, after the reform and opening up, the economy fully liberalized economy occupies the leading position in the market, and constantly improve people's living standards, the demand for housing is also increasing, so the government has taken the attitude of the housing free competition of the commodity economy, but with the continuous development of economy and society, a series of social the problem is also highlighted, pure welfare housing or complete market adjustment commercial housing system is not perfect, especially in recent years with the soaring prices, a large amount of people can not afford to buy Their own housing, since entering in twenty-first Century, in Chongqing City, led by the city the first in the country to open a "dual track" housing policy, the housing problems of low-income groups from the government to protect the housing problem, and regulated by the market and provide high-end crowd, our country each stage taken by the housing policy are closely related China's current level of economic development, countries pay more and more attention to the quality of life of residents, affordable housing also homeopathy and health.
According to the latest statistics, China's total population, low-income people occupied the country's urban population of seventy percent, the population living more and more can not simply rely on commercial housing to solve, so for this part of the population and the national affordable housing in this part of the population policies become government and the majority of scholars are concerned about the topic, the main form of affordable housing before the main affordable housing and low rent housing mainly, but with the passage of time, these two forms of security increasingly highlight its narrow, is to protect the object, low rent housing mainly to protect those living in poor families, and affordable housing the security object is mainly to the rural population, and with the advent of the industrial era, the rapid expansion of labor in circulation, and college graduates choose to leave Where the city phenomenon in our university is more and more popular, these people can not satisfy the conditions for low rent housing, but also can not afford to buy commercial housing, so the emergence of public rental will be not at all surprising, it also reflects the Chinese government really will be people-oriented as their motto.
Chongqing as the new municipality, its economic development has always been the central concern, its status is also related to the economic development of the western region, with the increase in the population of Chongqing city this year, the Chongqing municipal government also made their own efforts on affordable housing, to carry out the public rental a pioneer in the construction of public rental housing first of all, it broke the household registration restrictions and take the "dual track" of the housing policy has made remarkable achievements in its success among the domestic few affordable housing do well the city list.
Multi center governance theory, provides a new perspective for the field of public management, it gets rid of the government to provide public goods in the single mode, and the government, society and market three party mobilized, which compared with the previous management mode, to solve a series of social problems showing their own a huge advantage, this paper tries to solve the problem is using this new theory, put forward their own point of view for the construction of public rental housing in Chongqing City, in order to solve a series of problems, the Chongqing public rental construction faces such as: the current land supply system may make public rental housing difficult to accomplish its goal, to the public if the applicant fails to rent the subdivision, may cause cannot realize the true fairness, the specific operation process is not clear, the existence of hidden operation, the supervision mechanism can not play its due role, and the public rental. As at the beginning, the rent location has not really put down, which also makes the public housing policy has failed to make people well, therefore, the construction of public rental housing road is long, is a complex and systematic project, involving the interests of all, we should not only play the leading role of the government as in the past, but also improve the relevant system, and give some protection.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23

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