中国地方政府公共政策执行的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 04:11

本文关键词： 公共政策公共政策执行公共政策执行主体　出处：《东北财经大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入新世纪以来,胡锦涛总书记提出了科学发展观确立了新时期中国国家的宏观公共政策的价值基点,对21世纪中国的可持续发展战略、国家公共管理模式、以至国家与社会,政府与市场的关系产生深刻和长远的影响。与此同时,在经历了具有制度变迁与历史涵义的深刻变革,付出了多年巨大艰辛的努力之后,我们国家正处于又好又快的发展阶段。国家的蓬勃发展,跟各个省市地方所作出的贡献有密切关系,正是由于个体的出色发挥,使得整体的功效发挥极致,是对“团结就是力量”的完美演示。国家的腾飞离不开政策制定的好,落实的快,我们国家在短短十几年间取得了突飞猛进的结果。在取得可喜成绩的同时,我们不能忽视我们在某些环节还存在的不足,地方政府在响应与贯彻中央政策时,处理一些问题存在“瑕疵”,甚至缺乏重视,这是公共政策执行力度不彻底的一种表现。例如山西王家岭煤矿透水事故,紫金矿业污水泄漏事件等等,都是由于地方政府在政策执行方面有所疏忽,反映出地方政府执行中央相关政策时存在态度问题。在公共政策执行的过程中,某些环节贯彻的不够,或者政策执行主体的职责疏忽都会影响到政策执行的效果。以上反映出的问题,对各个地方政府都有警示作用。在公共政策的执行的过程中,任何一个不合理的要素都会对整个政策执行的系统产生影响,从而降低整体的功能发挥。可以说,公共政策的执行是一个复杂,科学的过程,任何一个环节都不可以出现问题。因为一个环节的失误,对整个执行带来的影响是巨大的,可能直接导致政策目标的不可实现。目前,国内外学者对公共政策执行都有一定的研究,一般都是从其制度或意义出发,对政策执行中的具体问题的研究较少。鉴于以上情况,本文在广泛吸收国内外相关研究成果的基础上,对中国地方政府在政策执行的中存在的问题以及解决对策进行了研究。本文一共分为三部分。第一步部分主要是对相关理论的基础论述,为本文提供有力的理论支持,重点论述了公共政策执行的定义、公共政策主体、公共政策执行的相关理论；第二部分主要是分析我国地方政府在公共政策执行环节中,存在的种种问题：公共政策本身存在缺陷、公共政策执行的资源不足、执行机制存在问题和监督不到位等方面进行了论述。并通过案例把存在问题及原因具体化,与案例相结合也是为了分析的更加透彻；第三部分也就是本文的最后一部分,通过分析存在的原因,从而给出相关的解决存在问题的对策、方法、建议,通过完善政策制定和政策执行这两方面大的机制,来避免在公共政策执行过程中易出现的一些问题,体现出本文对关于地方政策执行过程中的一些看法和见解。
[Abstract]:Since entering the new century, General Secretary Hu Jintao has put forward the scientific concept of development, which establishes the value base of the macro public policy of China in the new period. In 21th century, the sustainable development strategy of China, the mode of national public management, and even the state and society are discussed. The relationship between the government and the market has a profound and long-term impact. At the same time, after going through profound changes with institutional changes and historical implications, and after years of great and arduous efforts, Our country is in a good and fast stage of development. The vigorous development of the country is closely related to the contributions made by various provinces, cities and places. It is precisely because of the outstanding performance of the individual that the overall effectiveness of the country is maximized. It is a perfect demonstration of "unity is strength". The country can not take off without good policy formulation and rapid implementation. Our country has made rapid progress in the short span of ten years. While we have achieved gratifying results, we cannot ignore the shortcomings we still have in some areas. When local governments respond to and implement central policies, there are "flaws" or even lack of attention to some problems, which is a manifestation of the incomplete implementation of public policies. For example, the Wangjialing Coal Mine in Shanxi Province is flooded. The Zijin mine sewage spill and so on are all due to the negligence of local governments in the implementation of policies, which reflects the problem of attitude of local governments in implementing the relevant policies of the central government. In the process of implementing public policies, The lack of implementation of some links or the negligence of the responsibility of the policy executive subject will affect the effect of policy implementation. The problems reflected above have a cautionary effect on all local governments. In the process of public policy implementation, any unreasonable element will have an impact on the whole system of policy implementation, thereby reducing the overall function. It can be said that the implementation of public policy is a complex and scientific process. There can be no problems at any one link. Because the impact of a single link on the overall implementation is enormous and could lead directly to the unrealisation of policy objectives. Scholars both at home and abroad have some research on the implementation of public policy, generally from its system or significance, the study of specific issues in policy implementation is less. On the basis of absorbing domestic and foreign related research results, this paper studies the problems existing in the policy implementation of local governments in China and the countermeasures to solve them. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the basic discussion of the relevant theories, which provides a strong theoretical support for this paper, focusing on the definition of public policy implementation, the main body of public policy, the relevant theory of public policy implementation; The second part is mainly to analyze the local governments in the implementation of public policy, there are a variety of problems: public policy itself is flawed, public policy implementation of insufficient resources, The problems in the implementation mechanism and the lack of supervision are discussed, and the problems and reasons are concretized through cases, which are also for the sake of more thorough analysis. The third part is the last part of this paper. Through the analysis of the reasons for the existence, this paper gives the relevant countermeasures, methods and suggestions to avoid some problems in the process of public policy implementation by perfecting the two major mechanisms of policy formulation and policy implementation. This paper reflects some views and opinions on the implementation of local policies.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D625

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