莱芜市农村金融供给不足问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 15:18

【摘要】：金融是现代经济的中枢,农村金融对农村经济的发展至关重要,解决“三农”问题需要农村金融作为助力。随着我国进入到中等收入阶段,中国农村金融面临着发展与转型的双重难题。一方面是世界上发展中国家普遍存在的“正规化”金融与小农经济不对路问题；另一方面,是对原有经济体制下业已形成的农村固有金融体系进行改造的转型问题,核心是改善农村金融供给的问题。两大问题同时存在,导致当前农村金融需求得不到有效满足,金融供给严重不足。目前,从莱芜市的情况来看,农业大户如产业化龙头企业、发展势头良好的农民专业合作社已具备传统金融机构优质借款对象的特征,受到传统金融机构的追捧,而尚处于行业发展初期原始积累阶段的农户、农村小微企业往往得不到现有农村银行业金融机构的金融支持。莱芜市农村金融供给不足特别是新型农村金融供给发展滞后的直观原因是农村经济发展水平低,缺乏有竞争力的贷款项目,农村文化及信用环境差,增加了金融机构对贷款发生不良的担忧,经营农村地区贷款的人力、物力成本高等,但是,根据新制度经济学理论,金融制度是金融服务的主要决定因素,制度的有效性决定了农村金融供给水平,进而影响经济发展水平,因此,制度原因是最根本的原因。过往的研究主要从金融供需的专业角度出发进行分析,对其中的制度、政策因素研究偏于宏观、不够全面,论文从制度经济学的基本观点出发,以莱芜市为例,认为当前农村金融供给不足的根本性原因是国家及地方的经济金融制度安排及政策设计已显著落后于农村经济的发展水平,并基于新公共管理理论针对存在的问题提出了对策建议,指出进行政府诱导的制度变革是加快农村金融发展,支持农业现代化的必由之路。
[Abstract]:Finance is the center of modern economy. Rural finance is very important to the development of rural economy. As China enters the middle-income stage, Chinese rural finance is faced with the dual problems of development and transformation. On the one hand, the problem of "regularization" finance and small-scale peasant economy is common in developing countries in the world; On the other hand, it is the transformation of the existing rural financial system, the core of which is to improve the supply of rural finance. Two major problems exist simultaneously, leading to the current rural financial demand can not be effectively met, the financial supply is seriously inadequate. At present, judging from the situation in Laiwu City, large agricultural households, such as leading enterprises in industrialization, and specialized farmers' cooperatives, which have good development momentum, already have the characteristics of high-quality borrowing objects of traditional financial institutions, and have been sought after by traditional financial institutions. However, for the farmers who are still in the initial accumulation stage of industry development, the rural small and micro enterprises often can not get the financial support from the existing rural banking financial institutions. The lack of rural financial supply in Laiwu, especially the backward development of new-type rural financial supply, is due to the low level of rural economic development, the lack of competitive loan projects, and the poor rural culture and credit environment. Increased financial institutions' concern about bad loans, high human and material costs to run loans in rural areas, etc., however, according to the new institutional economics theory, the financial system is the main determinant of financial services. The effectiveness of the system determines the level of rural financial supply, and then affects the level of economic development. Therefore, the institutional reason is the most fundamental reason. Past studies mainly from the professional point of view of financial supply and demand, the system of which, policy factors on the macro, not comprehensive, the paper from the basic point of view of institutional economics, Laiwu City as an example, It is considered that the fundamental reason for the current shortage of rural financial supply is that the arrangement and policy design of national and local economic and financial systems have lagged behind the level of rural economic development. Based on the new public management theory, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the existing problems, and points out that the only way to accelerate the development of rural finance and to support the modernization of agriculture is to carry out the system reform induced by the government.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.35

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