天津碳金融市场体系构建问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 04:00

本文选题：碳金融 + 碳金融市场体系　；参考：《天津财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近20年来,虽然对于气候变化的趋势、成因及影响的争议一直存在,但极端天气的频发、自然灾害的增加和海平面上升等现象给人类生存造成的巨大伤害,使气候变化问题受到了全球前所未有的关注,并成为各国政府国家安全的重要内容。随着2009年底哥本哈根会议的召开,“气候变化”、“节能减排”、“可持续发展”、“低碳经济”、“碳金融”等名词不断见诸于报端。显然,人类发展进程在经历了农业革命、工业革命和信息化革命的三次浪潮后,已步入到低碳革命的第四次发展浪潮中。低碳革命以“低能耗、低污染、低排放”为标志,而金融作为优化资源配置、调剂资金余缺的重要方式和手段,必然在低碳发展浪潮中发挥重要作用。我国作为最大的温室气体排放国和最大的发展中国家,必将面临越来越大的国家减排压力,同时作为最大的碳信用供给国,我国在碳交易市场中也拥有良好的发展前景。而天津作为直辖市之一,是著名的国际港口城市和生态城市,位于环渤海经济圈的中心,作为拥有中国第四大工业基地和第三大外贸港口的大都市,以及中国北方最大的沿海开放城市,天津有能力并且有义务大力发展碳金融产业。2006年6月国务院提出推进天津滨海新区开发开放有关问题的意见,天津正式成为继深圳经济特区、上海浦东新区之后,带动中国区域发展的第三经济增长极。近年来,天津,北京、上海、重庆、山西等12个省市都相继成立了环境交易所,但是由于缺乏统一的规划,并且因为我国的碳减排额度主要是通过世界银行和国际碳基金以及其他中介机构进入国际碳交易市场,信息不对称以及人民币被排斥在碳交易的计价结算货币之外等原因,使国内碳交易的价格远低于国际价格,致使我国企业在碳排放权交易中无法掌握价格主导权,加之碳金融交易的中介市场很不规范,商业银行、投资机构以及其他风险投资商参与碳金融的层次还较低,因而我国尚未形成发达的碳金融市场体系,天津市的碳金融市场体系建设也同样面临着这些问题,但是正因为如此,作为一个国内发展碳金融较早,发展程度较好的城市,天津更应该把握机会,充分运用政府给予的各项优惠政策,大力开展碳金融市场体系的建设工作,促进碳金融产业的发展,这同样也会对天津市的经济建设起到巨大的推动作用。本文主要讨论如何在天津发展碳金融以及完善其碳金融市场体系,这一研究具有理论意义和实践意义。首先,鉴于目前理论界对“碳金融”等一系列概念的界定还没有达成统一,本研究将对碳金融、碳金融体系和碳金融市场体系进行系统的理论研究；其次,以国内外碳金融市场体系发展现状为基础,借鉴国外成熟经验与模式,客观指出天津碳金融市场体系的发展现状以及不足之处；最后提出内容丰富、实践性强的政策建议,系统的为如何更好的构建天津碳金融市场体系出谋划策。另外,该研究丰富了中央给予天津滨海新区先行先试的实际内容,为滨海的区域性综合中心地位和全国性行业中心地位提供了强力支撑。对完善碳金融体系也有一定的实际指导意义,将会更加有效地提高天津碳交易市场的效率。争取做到在建立、健全碳金融市场体系的同时,能够有效地控制风险,提供更多的投资机会,扩大碳金融市场的容量,提高碳金融市场活跃度和有效性,使天津成为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的排头兵,提升我国在国际碳金融市场的议价能力。
[Abstract]:In the last 20 years, although there has been a dispute over the trend of climate change and its influence, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the increase of natural disasters and the rise of sea level have caused great harm to the human existence, and the climate change has received unprecedented attention from the world, and has become an important part of the national security of the governments of all countries. With the convening of the Copenhagen conference at the end of 2009, the terms "climate change", "energy saving and emission reduction", "sustainable development", "low-carbon economy" and "carbon finance" are constantly seen in the newspapers. Obviously, the human development process has entered the low carbon revolution after the agricultural revolution, the industrial revolution and the three tide of the informational revolution. In the four development wave, the low carbon revolution is marked by "low energy consumption, low pollution and low emission". As an important way and means to optimize the allocation of resources and to adjust the surplus and shortage of funds, finance is bound to play an important role in the low carbon development tide.
As the largest greenhouse gas emitter and the largest developing country, China is bound to face a growing pressure on the country's emission reduction. At the same time, as the largest carbon credit supplier, China also has a good development prospect in the carbon trading market. As one of the municipalities directly under the central government, Tianjin is a famous international port city and ecological city. The center of the Bohai economic circle, as a metropolis with China's fourth largest industrial base and the third largest foreign trade port, and the largest coastal open city in the north of China, Tianjin has the ability and obligation to vigorously develop the carbon financial industry in June, and the State Council proposed to promote the development and opening up of Tianjin New Area in Tianjin, Tianjin. It has become the third economic growth of China's regional development after the Shenzhen special economic zone and Pudong New Area in Shanghai. In recent years, the environmental exchanges have been set up in 12 provinces and cities such as Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shanxi and other provinces and cities, but because of the lack of unified planning, and because China's carbon emission reduction is mainly through the world bank. With the international carbon fund and other intermediaries entering the international carbon trading market, information asymmetry and the exclusion of RMB from the price and settlement of carbon trading, the price of domestic carbon trading is far below the international price, resulting in the failure of Chinese enterprises to master the price dominance in the carbon emission trading and carbon financial transactions. The intermediary market is not standard, commercial banks, investment institutions and other venture capitalists are still low in carbon finance, so China has not yet formed a developed carbon financial market system. The construction of carbon financial market system in Tianjin is also faced with these problems, but it is because of this, as a domestic development of carbon finance. Early and well developed cities, Tianjin should seize the opportunity to make full use of the preferential policies given by the government, vigorously carry out the construction of the carbon financial market system and promote the development of the carbon financial industry, which will also play a great role in promoting the economic construction of Tianjin.
This paper mainly discusses how to develop carbon finance in Tianjin and improve its carbon financial market system. This study is of theoretical and practical significance. First, in view of the lack of a unified definition of a series of concepts such as "carbon finance", this study will be carried out on carbon finance, carbon financial system and carbon financial market system. Secondly, based on the development status of carbon financial market system at home and abroad and drawing on the mature experience and model of foreign countries, this paper objectively points out the current situation and shortcomings of the carbon financial market system in Tianjin. Finally, it puts forward the policy proposals with rich content and strong practicality, and how to build the carbon financial market of Tianjin better. In addition, the research enriches the actual content of Tianjin Binhai New Area, which provides a strong support for the status of regional comprehensive center and the status of the national industry center. It also has some practical guiding significance to improve the carbon financial system, and will improve the carbon trading market of Tianjin more effectively. At the same time, we can effectively control risk, provide more investment opportunities, expand the capacity of carbon financial market, increase the activity and effectiveness of carbon financial market, make Tianjin become the leader of Scientific Outlook on Development and enhance China's international carbon financial market. Bargaining power.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.5;F205

【参考文献】