我国中小企业信用担保体系问题研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 09:51

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国中小企业的发展面临很多新的机遇和挑战,但是融资难的困境却从来不曾改变。这不仅仅是中国的问题,同时也是一个世界性的难题。借鉴世界发达国家的经验,中小企业信用担保是解决中小企业融资难问题的一个有效途径。然而,由于我国经济发展起步晚,中小企业信用担保体系一直没有能够得到足够的重视与支持。本文对信用担保的相关经济学原理进行了全面的分析,系统阐述了信贷配给理论、风险转嫁与分散理论以及担保信息不对称理论,以此为基础,通过对日、韩、美、德等国信用担保体系成功经验的剖析和借鉴,并结合中国担保行业目前存在的现象与问题,成功构建了符合中国国情的中小企业信用担保体系框架。同时通过对其运行机制的深入的研究,创造性的提出了中小企业信用担保贷款证券化的概念。本文共分为七个部分：第一部分是绪论部分,介绍本文的选题背景和意义、国内外的研究现状以及研究内容和方法。第二部分对中小企业信用担保的相关理论进行了深入的研究,重点介绍信贷配给理论、交易成本理论、信用担保的风险转嫁和分散理论以及信用担保信息不对称理论。第三部分研究分析我国中小企业信用担保体系的发展历史、现实状况、特点以及目前存在的主要问题。第四部分通过对日本、韩国、美国和德国等国家中小企业信用担保制度的系统研究,深入剖析各个国家担保体系的优缺点,并在此基础上提出对我国的借鉴意义。第五部分从中小企业信用担保体系的宗旨和功能出发,构架了我国担保体系建设的理论框架,并对其运行机制进行了深入的研究。第六部分创造性的提出了信用担保贷款证券化的概念,并分析了期权调整利差法(OAS)作为其定价模型的可行性。第七部分根据我国国情,提出建设中小企业信用担保体系的相关政策建议。综上,通过本文的研究和学习,笔者认为中小企业融资难问题可以通过信用担保的方式予以解决,而其中所蕴含的信用风险,可以利用资产证券化方式加以分散。我们可以借鉴国外担保体系建设的先进经验,结合我国实际国情,积极构建我国中小企业信用担保体系,以突破中小企业融资难的桎梏。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China faces many new opportunities and challenges, but the difficulty of financing has never changed. This is not only a Chinese problem, but also a worldwide problem. Based on the experience of developed countries, SME credit guarantee is an effective way to solve the problem of small and medium-sized enterprises financing. However, due to the late start of China's economic development, the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises has not been paid enough attention and support. This article has carried on the comprehensive analysis to the credit guarantee related economics principle, has elaborated the credit rationing theory, the risk transfer and the dispersion theory and the guarantee information asymmetry theory systematically, based on this, through to Japan, Korea, the United States, Based on the analysis and reference of the successful experiences of the credit guarantee system in Germany and other countries, and combined with the existing phenomena and problems in the Chinese guarantee industry, the framework of the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises which accords with the national conditions of China has been successfully constructed. At the same time, through the in-depth study of its operation mechanism, the concept of credit guarantee loan securitization of small and medium-sized enterprises is creatively put forward. This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part is the introduction part, introduces the background and significance of this topic, domestic and foreign research status, research content and methods. The second part focuses on the credit rationing theory, transaction cost theory, risk transfer and dispersion theory of credit guarantee, and asymmetric information theory of credit guarantee, especially on the theory of credit rationing, transaction cost, risk transfer and dispersion of credit guarantee in small and medium-sized enterprises. The third part studies and analyzes the development history, reality, characteristics and main problems of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. The fourth part studies the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan, South Korea, the United States and Germany, deeply analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each national guarantee system, and on this basis, puts forward the significance for reference to our country. The fifth part sets out from the purpose and function of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises, constructs the theoretical frame of the guarantee system construction of our country, and has carried on the in-depth research to its operation mechanism. The sixth part creatively puts forward the concept of credit-guaranteed loan securitization and analyzes the feasibility of option-adjusted interest margin method (OAS) as its pricing model. The seventh part, according to the national conditions of our country, puts forward the relevant policy suggestions to build the credit guarantee system of small and medium enterprises. On the whole, through the research and study of this paper, the author thinks that the financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises can be solved by the way of credit guarantee, and the credit risk contained in it can be dispersed by means of asset securitization. We can learn from the advanced experience of foreign guarantee system construction, combine the actual situation of our country, actively construct the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country, in order to break through the shackles of financing difficulty of small and medium enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4

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