风险社会视角下的中国科技传播研究

发布时间：2018-08-19 11:40

【摘要】：中国正在进入“风险社会”时代,如何应对经济和科技高速发展及全球化所带来的威胁或危机,正逐渐成为当代中国现代化进程中的主要矛盾之一。在深入了解和应对风险社会的过程中,人们逐渐意识到科学不仅是定义风险的媒介,同样也是解决风险的资源。在风险社会中,建立科学有效的科技传播体系和机制非常重要,科技传播应当发挥“帮助人们消除现实生活中的不确定性、科学应对风险”的重要作用。然而在中国,一方面科技传播的发展时间短,存在诸多问题；另一方面,仅用了三十年左右的时间就完成了西方近百年才完成的现代化建设,压缩的现代化进程使得各种风险来势更凶,传统科技传播在应对风险的过程中常显得力有不逮。因此,很有必要结合风险社会和科技传播的相关理论和实践,研究当代中国在风险社会视角下科技传播出现的新变化和新特征,探讨其存在的问题和原因,并尝试总结出理论原则和应对策略,以期能充分发挥中国科技传播的社会功能,为科学应对风险提供策略参考。为达到上述目标,本文在研究过程中立足于风险社会理论和传播学理论、新闻学理论,结合中国科技传播的实践,通过审视风险社会与科技传播之间的辩证关系,进而提出风险社会下中国科技传播的改进策略。首先,本文系统阐释了风险社会理论和科技传播理论,阐析了风险社会与科学技术发展之间的关系,阐析了风险社会和科技传播的相互作用和关系,并提出了科技传播在应对风险社会中的重要作用,明确了科技传播作为当代科技信息交流的一种主要手段,是化解与消除科技风险的良好途径。然后,本文结合了大量的现实案例(如“PM2.5事件”),系统阐释了风险社会下科技传播的新变化和新特征；然后,本文立足风险社会理论和科技传播理论,对中国科技传播存在的“制度化风险”、“科技传播者和受众矛盾凸显”以及“大众科技传播媒介改革滞后”等几方面问题进行了较深入的解析。并结合中国科技传播的实际状况,分别从“构建负责任的国家科技传播体系”、“提升科技传播者和受众的科学素养”以及“建设快速反应的大众科技媒介”等几个层面,为风险社会下中国科技传播的未来发展提出了改进策略。
[Abstract]:China is entering the era of "risk society". How to deal with the threat or crisis brought by the rapid development of economy, science and technology and globalization is gradually becoming one of the main contradictions in the process of modern China's modernization. In the process of deeply understanding and coping with risk society, people gradually realize that science is not only the medium of defining risk, but also the resource to solve risk. In a risky society, it is very important to establish a scientific and effective system and mechanism of science and technology communication, which should play an important role in helping people eliminate uncertainty in real life and deal with risks scientifically. However, in China, on the one hand, the development time of science and technology dissemination is short, and there are many problems; on the other hand, it took only about 30 years to complete the modernization drive in the West, which took nearly a hundred years to complete. The compressed process of modernization makes all kinds of risks come more fierce. Traditional science and technology communication often appears to be powerless in the process of dealing with the risks. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the theory and practice of risk society and science and technology communication, to study the new changes and new characteristics of science and technology communication in contemporary China in the perspective of risk society, and to discuss the existing problems and reasons. The author tries to sum up the theoretical principles and coping strategies in order to give full play to the social function of Chinese science and technology communication and to provide a strategic reference for the scientific response to risks. In order to achieve the above goal, this paper bases itself on the theory of risk society, communication theory, journalism theory and the practice of science and technology communication in China, by examining the dialectical relationship between risk society and science and technology communication. And then put forward the improvement strategy of Chinese science and technology communication under the risk society. First of all, this paper systematically explains the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication, analyzes the relationship between the risk society and the development of science and technology, and illustrates the interaction and relationship between the risk society and the communication of science and technology. It also points out the important role of science and technology communication in dealing with the risk society, and clarifies that science and technology communication, as a main means of contemporary scientific and technological information exchange, is a good way to resolve and eliminate the scientific and technological risks. Then, combining with a large number of real cases (such as "PM2.5 event"), this paper systematically explains the new changes and new characteristics of science and technology communication under the risk society, and then, based on the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication, this paper bases on the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication. This paper makes a deep analysis of the "institutional risk", "the contradiction between the communicator and the audience" and "the lag of the mass media reform" in China's science and technology communication. Combined with the actual situation of China's science and technology communication, from the aspects of "building a responsible national science and technology communication system", "enhancing the scientific literacy of science and technology communicators and audiences" and "building a rapid response mass scientific and technological medium," This paper puts forward the improvement strategy for the future development of Chinese science and technology communication under the risk society.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G206;G322

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