中国农村人口转移、农业国际竞争力与惠农政策调整

发布时间：2018-03-31 23:34

本文选题：农村人口转移　切入点：农业国际竞争力　出处：《农村经济》2017年11期

【摘要】：长期以来,中国农村人口转移虽然有助于优化人力资源配置,但客观上也引发农业生产活力下降、资源环境恶化及农业生产主体弱化,这在恶化农业生产条件的同时危及农业发展支撑力,继而造成农业品种竞争力、品质竞争力与价格竞争力下降,并导致库存高企、财力吃紧、农户受损、产业遇挫等一系列负面影响。随着对外开放不断深入,中国农业国际竞争力下降作为农业发展的核心矛盾之一必将继续强化,亟待积极调整惠农政策。据此,在惠农政策目标同时瞄准提升农业劳动生产率与国际竞争力的基础上,政策功能定位应着眼巩固农村人力资本和促进农业可持续发展,政策体系应坚持"降劳动力成本、完善财政补贴、重生态环保"的三位一体改革方向,并积极开展以主体激励、政策协调、绩效评价、执行监督为主要内容的政策运行保障机制建设。
[Abstract]:For a long time, although rural population transfer in China has helped to optimize the allocation of human resources, it has objectively led to a decline in the vitality of agricultural production, deterioration of the resources and environment, and weakening of the main body of agricultural production.While worsening the conditions of agricultural production, it endangers the support of agricultural development, which in turn results in the competitiveness of agricultural varieties, the decline in quality competitiveness and price competitiveness, and the high inventory, tight financial resources, and the loss of farmers.A series of negative effects such as industrial setbacks.With the deepening of the opening to the outside world, the decline of China's agricultural international competitiveness as one of the core contradictions of agricultural development will continue to be strengthened, and it is urgent to actively adjust the policy of benefiting agriculture.Therefore, on the basis of promoting agricultural labor productivity and international competitiveness at the same time, the policy function orientation should focus on consolidating rural human capital and promoting sustainable development of agriculture, and the policy system should insist on "reducing labor cost".We should perfect the financial subsidy and emphasize the ecological environmental protection, and actively carry out the construction of the policy operation guarantee mechanism with the main body encouragement, the policy coordination, the performance evaluation and the execution supervision as the main content.
【作者单位】：信阳师范学院商学院;财政部国际财经中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“农村人口转移背景下惠农政策效果的跟踪、评价与保障研究”(编号:15CJY053)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：F323.6

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