吉林省农村人力资源开发问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 13:52

【摘要】：十年树木,百年树人。人力资源的重要作用不言而喻。当今时代国家与国家之间的竞争,归根到底是一种人才的竞争,因此,能够源源不断地培养出大批优秀人力资源的国家才能在国际社会上站稳脚跟。我国的人口规模是世界上最大的,在这些人力资源当中,各方面素质都处于劣势的农村人口又占了不小的比例,因此,如果不能大幅提高农村人口的综合素质,那么要想达到提高我国整体人口素质的目标就希望渺茫。吉林省是个农业大省,50%的的人口为农业人口,但民的素质和能力普遍偏低,这一现状已经严重制约了吉林省的经济发展。在今年的两会上,国务院副总理汪洋与吉林代表团的代表们共同审议政府工作报告,其中就提到了希望吉林能够早日实现习近平总书记提出的“争当现代农业排头兵”的要求,努力发展现代农业,使农民收入持续快速增长,全面履行好粮食大省、农业大省的责任。笔者认为,要想实现“争当现代农业排头兵”的要求,就必须从农村地区最活跃的因素入手,也就是农业人口。目前我省农村地区居民科学文化素质等各方面都达不到应有的水准,没有将其潜在的能力完全释放出来。要想让农村地区重现生机,就必须发挥农村群众的主观能动性,使他们的才干得以增长,才能使其尽可能地符合现代农业排头兵的要求,为农村地区的崭新面貌增添光彩。可见,努力促进我省农村地区的人力资源开发水平,是增进农村地区经济活跃度,调整改善产业结构,使农村地区人民生活水平步步高升,拉近与城镇地区落差所必须采取的方式。本文的研究将从以下六个方面进行,首先,第一章节基于目前的背景,提出本文的意义所在,了解国内外对该问题已有的研究成果,根据这些提出本文要想探索的内容、达到的目标以及通过何种方式去研究;第二章以人力资源的相关理论,包括人力资本理论、人口迁移理论、二元经济理论等作为本文的理论铺垫;第三章对我省农村各地区、各年份的人力资源概况进行呈现,展示了农村人口的规模、综合素质以及受教育和培训情况等方方面面;第四章主要基于第三章人力资源现状及开发中存在的问题,从政策、经济、劳动者个体等方面分析原因;第五章阐述了国外先进国家和我国先进地区在改善农村地区人口状况方面的举措,并从中找出能够为我省所用的方面并加以总结;最后陈述了本文的研究结论,并对省内进行农村人力资源建设提出相应的提议。
[Abstract]:It takes three generations to make a gentleman. The important role of human resources is self-evident. In the final analysis, the competition between countries and countries is a kind of talent competition, therefore, the countries that can continuously cultivate a large number of excellent human resources can stand firm in the international community. Our country's population scale is the largest in the world. Among these human resources, the rural population with inferior qualities in all aspects accounts for a large proportion. Therefore, if the comprehensive quality of the rural population cannot be greatly improved, So to achieve the goal of improving the overall quality of our population, there is little hope. Jilin Province is a large agricultural province, 50% of the population is agricultural population, but the quality and ability of the people is generally low, this situation has seriously restricted the economic development of Jilin Province. At this year's two sessions, Vice Premier Wang Yang of the State Council and representatives of the Jilin delegation deliberated on the report on the work of the government, which mentioned the hope that Jilin would realize at an early date the request of General Secretary Xi Jinping that he "strive to become the vanguard of modern agriculture." Efforts should be made to develop modern agriculture so that farmers' income can continue to grow rapidly and fulfill the responsibilities of major grain and agricultural provinces in an all-round way. The author thinks that in order to realize the requirement of "vanguard of modern agriculture", we must start with the most active factors in rural areas, that is, the agricultural population. At present, the scientific and cultural quality of rural residents in our province is not up to its due level, and its potential ability has not been completely released. In order to revive the vitality of the rural areas, we must give full play to the subjective initiative of the rural people, increase their ability, and make them meet the requirements of the modern agricultural vanguard as far as possible, and add luster to the new appearance of the rural areas. It can be seen that efforts to promote the level of human resources development in rural areas of our province are to increase the economic activity in rural areas, adjust and improve the industrial structure, and raise the living standards of the people in rural areas. The approach that must be taken to narrow the gap with urban areas. The research of this paper will be carried out from the following six aspects. Firstly, the first chapter, based on the current background, puts forward the significance of this paper, understanding the existing research results at home and abroad on this issue, and based on these, puts forward the content of this paper to explore. The second chapter is about the theory of human resources, including human capital theory, population migration theory, dual economy theory, etc. The third chapter is about the rural areas of our province, the third chapter is about the rural areas of our province, the second chapter is the theory of human resources, including the theory of human capital, the theory of population migration, the theory of dual economy and so on. The general situation of human resources in each year is presented, showing the scale, comprehensive quality, education and training of the rural population, etc. The fourth chapter is mainly based on the status quo of human resources and the problems existing in the development of the third chapter. The fifth chapter expounds the measures of improving the population situation of rural areas in advanced countries and our country, and finds out the aspects that can be used in our province. Finally, the conclusion of this paper is stated, and the corresponding suggestions for the rural human resources construction in the province are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6

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