面向调峰激励的发电侧两部制峰谷电价研究

发布时间：2019-06-12 14:22

【摘要】：近年来,我国用电负荷持续增长,风电装机规模逐年扩大,负荷峰谷差不断增大。在三北地区电网中,装机以火电为主,水电比例较小,电网调峰能力不足,从而导致了大量弃风的发生。调峰能力不足已成为当前电网所面临的首要问题,为此本文提出通过改进上网电价来激励火电机组调峰的方法。本文介绍了我国各阶段上网电价的发展历史,并对各类上网电价的形成机制进行了分析,分析表明,现阶段我同上网电价由于单一制、不分时段,难以激励电源加纳可再生能源接纳,为此,提出了对上网电价实行两部制与峰谷分时电价的改进思路。本文建立了发电侧两部制峰谷标杆电价模型。该模型采用两部制电价代替现有单一制电价,解决了单一制电价中因分摊固定成本而无法激励调峰的问题；电量电价采用峰谷分时电价方式,并根据系统边际成本和边际价值进行制定,实现了对电厂调峰填谷的激励作用；容量电价作为电量电价的补充,采用资本金内部收益率法进行确定,保证了电厂对固定成本的回收；电量电价和容量电价均采用标杆电价形式,实现了对企业相互竞争的激励。算例分析中,先对东北电网的火电装机情况进行了具体分析,验证了本文电价模型中电量电价的调峰激励性和容量电价的成本回收作用的有效性,又对比了火电机组利用小时数降低的情况下本文电价模型相对于现有标杆电价的优势,最后验证了本文电价模型对激励小机组启停调峰的有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the power load in China continues to increase, the scale of wind power installation is expanding year by year, and the load peak and valley difference is increasing. In the power grid of Sanbei area, the installation is mainly thermal power, the proportion of hydropower is small, and the peak shaving capacity of the power grid is insufficient, which leads to the occurrence of a large number of abandoned wind. The shortage of peak shaving capacity has become the primary problem faced by the current power grid. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to stimulate the peak shaving of thermal power units by improving the online electricity price. This paper introduces the development history of feed-in electricity price in China, and analyzes the formation mechanism of all kinds of feed-in electricity price. The analysis shows that it is difficult to encourage the power supply to accept renewable energy in Ghana because of the single system at the present stage. Therefore, this paper puts forward the improvement ideas of implementing two-part system and peak-valley time-sharing electricity price for feed-in electricity price. In this paper, two models of peak and valley benchmarking electricity price on the power generation side are established. In this model, the two-part electricity price is used to replace the existing single system price, which solves the problem that the peak and valley time-sharing electricity price can not be excited in the single system electricity price, and the power price is formulated according to the marginal cost and marginal value of the system, which realizes the incentive effect of peak-shaving and valley-filling in power plant. As a supplement of electricity price, capacity electricity price is determined by capital internal income rate method, which ensures the recovery of fixed cost in power plant, and both electricity price and capacity electricity price adopt the form of benchmark electricity price, which realizes the incentive to enterprises to compete with each other. In the analysis of the example, the thermal power installation situation of Northeast Power Grid is analyzed in detail, and the effectiveness of the peak shaving incentive of the electricity price and the cost recovery of the capacity electricity price in this electricity price model is verified, and the advantages of the electricity price model compared with the existing benchmark electricity price when the utilization hours of the thermal power units are reduced are compared. Finally, the effectiveness of the electricity price model in motivating small units to start and stop peak shaving is verified.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61

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