陇东黄土高原劳动力转移与农业补贴对农户生计的影响

发布时间：2018-05-10 20:46

本文选题：劳动力转移 + 农业补贴　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：劳动力转移与农业政策补贴是我国农业与乡村近年来改革最重要的两个方面本文以劳动力转移新经济学理论为基础,结合农业政策补贴,以降水与热量为梯度由南向北在陇东黄土高原选取塬区、河川和山地三种农业类型,分析了劳动力转移与农业政策补贴对陇东黄土高原农户生计的影响机制,得到如下主要结果:(1)外出务工人数增加1人,中南部粮食作物面积随之减少0.0342 ha,北部粮食作物随之增加0.0543 ha,南部经济作物增加0.0633 ha(P0.05);南部的粮食作物的投入随之减少214元,经济作物投入增加725元,总投入增加935元(P0.05);南部经济作物收益与总收益随之增加分别为1636与1489元(P0.05)。务工汇款增加5000元,中南部粮食作物面积随之减少0.0253 ha,北部随之增加0.076ha,饲草作物增加0.0217 ha(P0.05),南部经济作物随之增加0.0101ha(P0.05),其收益增加576元(P0.05)。农业支持保护补贴增加1000元,北部粮食作物面积随之增加0.133 ha,其投入增加833元;中部粮食作物投入减少142元,作物总投入增加1112元,粮食作物总收益减少2265元,北部作物总收益增加86元(P0.05)。(2)外出务工及汇款增加分别使猪增加0.776与1.039羊单位(P0.05);务工汇款增加,羊投入随之减少33元,猪投入增加31元,家畜总投入增加12.8元(P0.05),羊收益随之减少178元,猪收益增加334元,家畜收益与净收益增加63与50.3元(P0.05)。退耕还林补贴每增加1000元使家畜数量增加8羊单位(P0.05),均使羊、猪、家畜投入增加(P0.05),增加家畜收益(P0.05)。(3)务工人数增加使北部投入增加151元,陇东地区收益增加721元,净收益增长332元;汇款使北部投入增加120元,收益与净收益增加1469与1021元。农业支持保护补贴增加1000元使北部投入增加380元,总收益增加130元(P0.05)。(4)务工人数的增多使家庭基本消费增长,务工汇款增加使家庭基本消费、社交与总消费提高,农业补贴提高了教育、医疗以及家庭总消费水平。劳动力转移促使家庭结构趋向核心化、年轻化;务工距离,务工伤害,务工时间,负债,夫妻长期分居均降低家庭满意度,增加了家庭破裂的可能性,回家次数的增加可以降低其负面影响。(5)农户占比随投入产出的变化可用Logistic方程拟合,在南部、中部与北部3个区域农户占比50.0%拐点处,作物系统的投入和收益分别为6060、1681、2629元和18250、4726、7800元。家畜系统投入和收益分别为10025、2325、3621元和22000、6800、7200元。综合系统投入和收益分别为7695、2166、5003元,收益为20800、6075、12015元。该点是区域经济调控的关键点。
[Abstract]:Labor force transfer and agricultural policy subsidy are the two most important aspects of agricultural and rural reform in recent years. Based on the theory of new economics of labor force transfer, this paper combines agricultural policy subsidies. Taking precipitation and heat as gradient from south to north, three types of agriculture in Loess Plateau of east Gansu were selected. The influence mechanism of labor force transfer and agricultural policy subsidy on the livelihood of farmers in Longdong Loess Plateau was analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) when the number of migrant workers increased by 1 person, the area of grain crops in the central and southern parts of the country decreased by 0.0342 haa, the grain crops in the north increased by 0.0543 haa, the cash crops in the south increased by 0.0633 hap 0.05, and the input of food crops in the south decreased by 214 yuan. The cash crop input increased by 725 yuan, the total input increased by 935 yuan (P0.05N), and the southern cash crop income and total income increased by 1636 yuan and 1489 yuan respectively. The remittance of workers increased by 5000 yuan, the area of grain crops decreased by 0.0253 haa, the area of forage crops increased by 0.076 haa in the north, the forage crops increased by 0.0217 hap 0.05, and the cash crops in the south increased by 0.0101 haha P0.05, and the income increased by 576 yuan. The subsidies for agricultural support and protection increased by 1000 yuan, the area of grain crops in the north increased by 0.133 haa, and the input of grain crops increased by 833 yuan, while in the middle of the region, the investment in grain crops decreased by 142 yuan, the total input of crops increased by 1112 yuan, and the total income of grain crops decreased by 2265 yuan. The total income of the northern crops increased by 86 yuan (P0.05). The increase of migrant workers and remittances increased the number of pigs by 0.776 and 1.039 sheep units, respectively. The migrant workers' remittances increased, and the input of sheep decreased by 33 yuan, and the input of pigs increased by 31 yuan. The total investment of livestock increased by 12.8 Yuan / P0.05A, the income of sheep decreased 178 yuan, the income of pig increased 334 yuan, and the income of livestock and net income increased 63 and 50.3 yuan respectively. Each 1000 yuan increase in the subsidy for returning farmland to forestry will increase the number of livestock by 8 sheep units per unit of P0.05, increase the input of sheep, pigs and livestock, increase the income of livestock, increase the number of workers, increase the investment in the north by 1000 yuan, and increase the income in the east of Gansu by 721 yuan. Net income increased 332 yuan, remittances increased investment in the north by 120 yuan, income and net income increased by 1469 yuan and 1021 yuan. The increase of 1000 yuan in agricultural support and protection subsidies increased the investment in the north by 380 yuan, and the total income increased by 130 yuan (P0.05) the number of workers increased the basic consumption of households, and the increase of migrant workers' remittances increased the basic consumption of households, and the social and total consumption increased. Agricultural subsidies have raised the level of education, health care and total household consumption. The shift of labor force makes the family structure become more central and younger; the distance between the workers, the injury of the worker, the working time, the debt, the long-term separation of husband and wife all reduce the satisfaction of the family and increase the possibility of the family breaking up. The increase of the number of home returns can reduce the negative effect. (5) the ratio of farmers to farmers can be fitted by Logistic equation with the change of input and output. In the south, in the middle and in the north, the proportion of farmers accounts for 50.0% of the inflection points. The input and income of crop system are 6060,1681U 2629 Yuan and 18250 Yuan 4726267800 Yuan respectively. The investment and income of livestock system are 10025 / 2325 / 3621 yuan and 2200,000,6800000 / 7200 yuan respectively. The investment and income of the integrated system are 7695U 2166N 5003 Yuan and 20800 RMB6075RMB12015 respectively. This point is the key point of regional economic regulation and control.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6;F812.8;F249.27

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