中央地方科技事权与支出责任的划分研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 11:15

【摘要】：科技创新是创新驱动战略的核心,贯彻落实科技创新战略需要政府和社会各方的努力,从政府的角度看,明晰科技事权是前提,履行科技事权是关键。现阶段我国履行科技事权的基本行为模式是以项目为中心,这种微观化的事权行为模式严重偏离了政府履行科技事权的初衷,改变这种局面,应转变思维贯势,从以制度为中心的研究范式转向以行为为中心,构建"风险—环境"的新行为模式,即基于分担宏观创新风险的环境建设。在新的行为模式基础上,研究政府与市场的分工与合作,构建中央与地方科技事权新型关系:分工与合作。分工与合作不是简单的合伙干,也不是泾渭分明式的绝对划分,而是分清责任,中央地方形成合力。与之相适应,支出责任改革的实施路径。一是完善科技政策和顶层框架;二是提出支出责任改革的重要路径,中央和地方都需要"退"和"补";三是通过改革"条条"关系,促进"块块"之间的支出责任优化;四是改革科技预算,倒逼行为模式转变。最后,通过完善科技支出评估和监督,约束行为模式,将支出责任落到实处。
[Abstract]:Scientific and technological innovation is the core of innovation-driven strategy. The implementation of sci-tech innovation strategy requires the efforts of the government and all parties in the society. From the government's point of view, it is the premise to clear the right of science and technology, and the key is to carry out the right of science and technology. At the present stage, the basic behavior mode of carrying out the right of science and technology in our country is project-centered, and this microcosmic mode of action deviates seriously from the original intention of the government to fulfill the right of science and technology. To change this situation, we should change the thinking tendency. From system-centered research paradigm to behavior-centered, a new behavioral model of "risk-environment" is constructed, that is, environmental construction based on sharing the risk of macro innovation. On the basis of the new behavior model, this paper studies the division of labor and cooperation between the government and the market, and constructs a new relationship between central and local scientific and technological authority: division of labor and cooperation. Division of labor and cooperation is not a simple partnership, nor a categorical absolute division, but a clear division of responsibilities, central and local forces. Corresponding to this, the implementation path of expenditure responsibility reform. One is to perfect the science and technology policy and the top-level frame, the other is to put forward the important path of the reform of expenditure responsibility, the central and local governments need to "retreat" and "supplement", third, through the reform of the "article" relationship, to promote the "block" between the expenditure responsibility optimization; Fourth, reform the science and technology budget, force the behavior pattern to change. Finally, by perfecting the evaluation and supervision of science and technology expenditure and restricting the behavior model, the responsibility of expenditure is put into practice.
【分类号】：F812.45

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