社会公正视阈下城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 06:12

本文选题：城市流浪乞讨人员　切入点：救助管理　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：提高城市流浪乞讨人员的救助管理水平是在建设和谐社会的背景下提出的。社会主义和谐社会要求人民共同富裕、社会关系和谐。但是,由于我国城乡发展差异、地域发展不均衡等综合因素的影响,社会中仍然存在着流浪乞讨现象。流浪乞讨人员作为高速发展社会中的特殊弱势群体,他们的存在一方面向世人展现了人类本身的脆弱性,另一方面也对社会的公正性提出了挑战。因此,为加强社会建设、促进社会的和谐和稳定,我们就必须要关注并研究这一个特殊群体,提高对其管理和救助的水平,消除和谐社会建设中的不和谐音符。本文的基本思路是从价值理念的角度出发,解析中国解决城市流浪乞讨人员问题的制度变迁,厘清从“收容遣送”制度到“救助管理”制度转变包含的积极价值,以及新的“救助管理”制度确立后其实际运行的效果是否可以达成应然性的价值目标,并从中发现既有的问题和原因,最终提出解决问题的基本途径。依据这一思路,本文首先对城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理进行价值层面的规范分析,使用罗尔斯正义理论中“最少受惠者最大利益”的观念,在社会正义的层面说明了城市流浪者救助管理应秉持的理念。城市流浪乞讨者的救助管理不仅关系到社会稳定,还关系到对于个人权利的理解和政府治理观念的改善,也说明了政府作为救助主体的应然责任。从新中国建立后城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理制度变迁的角度看,收容遣送制度关注的主题是稳定和秩序,但是这一制度在现实的运行中却逐渐地异化,虽然在一定程度上起到了维护社会秩序和稳定的效果,但却是以对个人权利的伤害为代价的。救助管理制度更多地关注了权利和公正的价值,其对于收容遣送制度的替代是历史的进步,而且在现实的运行中也取得了一定的成就,但同时也存在着一定的问题。这些问题的存在某种程度上反映了城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理中存在的难题,如参与制度的各方主体都有了新的越轨行为,以及治理的阶段性、碎片化和表面化等。为了应对城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理中存在的上述难题,就要更新救助管理工作理念,在整体性的治理框架下探索源头式治理,并积极鼓励社会力量参与对流浪乞讨人员的救助。
[Abstract]:Improving the level of relief management for urban vagrants and beggars is put forward under the background of building a harmonious society. The socialist harmonious society requires the common prosperity of the people and harmonious social relations. However, due to the difference between urban and rural development in China, The phenomenon of vagrant begging still exists in the society because of the influence of unbalanced regional development. As a special vulnerable group in the high speed development society, the existence of vagrant beggars shows the vulnerability of human beings, on the one hand, the existence of vagrants and beggars, as a special vulnerable group in the society, Therefore, in order to strengthen social construction and promote social harmony and stability, we must pay attention to and study this special group and raise the level of its management and assistance. In order to eliminate the disharmonious notes in the construction of a harmonious society, the basic idea of this paper is to analyze the institutional changes of solving the problem of urban vagrant beggars in China from the perspective of value concept. To clarify the positive value contained in the transformation from the system of "reception and repatriation" to the system of "relief management", and whether the effect of its actual operation after the establishment of the new system of "relief management" can achieve the value goal of necessity. And find out the existing problems and reasons, and finally put forward the basic ways to solve the problem. According to this idea, this paper first of all, the value level of urban vagrant beggars management normative analysis, Using the concept of "the least beneficiary's best interest" in Rawls's justice theory, this paper explains the concept of urban homeless people's aid management in the social justice level. The relief management of urban vagrants and beggars is not only related to social stability, but also to the social stability of urban vagrants and beggars. It is also related to the understanding of individual rights and the improvement of the concept of government governance. It also shows that the government should be responsible as the main body of aid. From the perspective of the changes of the relief management system for urban vagrants and beggars after the founding of New China, The theme of asylum and repatriation system is stability and order, but this system gradually dissimilates in reality, although to some extent, it has the effect of maintaining social order and stability. However, it is at the expense of personal rights. The relief management system pays more attention to the value of rights and justice, and its substitution for the system of asylum and repatriation is historical progress, and it has also made certain achievements in the actual operation. But at the same time, there are also some problems. To some extent, the existence of these problems reflects the difficulties in the management of urban vagrants and beggars, such as the new deviant behavior of all parties involved in the system, as well as the phases of governance. In order to deal with the above problems existing in the rescue management of urban vagrant beggars, we should update the concept of rescue management and explore the source governance under the overall governance framework. And actively encourage social forces to participate in the rescue of vagrants and beggars.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.1

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