近代新疆各民族在反分裂斗争中的贡献

发布时间：2018-04-12 10:51

本文选题：近代新疆 + 分裂　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新疆的民族分裂主义由来已久,从产生到逐步发展已有百余年的时间。清朝时期的新疆地区不断出现地方割据势力叛乱活动,如:阿睦尔撒纳叛乱、大小和卓叛乱、张格尔叛乱、“七和卓叛乱”等,这些叛乱活动虽是与封建中央王朝抗衡的地方割据势力,但是其背后都有其他国际敌对势力的暗中支持。随着19世纪中期以后西方民族国家(Nation State)理论的成熟以及“民族”“国家”等概念传入中国并逐渐被中国的知识分子及官僚精英所接受,现代意义上的民族意识开始在中国逐步觉醒;19世纪末20世纪初的中国遭受帝国主义列强的侵略以及“双泛”思潮不断的渗入边疆地区,为新疆的分裂主义活动的迅速发展提供了思想理论支撑。近代以来新疆分裂主义的产生和发展并不是一蹴而就的,地理环境、文化差异、历史原因以及中央王朝政权在新疆地区的管理措施等因素,都为分裂主义的发展提供了有利条件。而分裂主义能够迅速地在新疆蔓延,其根本原因在于西方资本主义国家的“民族国家”理论在中国的植入,从而使得“双泛”思潮在新疆获得生存土壤和发展空间。新疆分裂主义严重危害了新疆的经济发展和社会稳定,同时对国家的领土安全构成了极大的安全隐患。历史证明,国家稳定和民族团结是促进国家长治久安,以及严重分裂同一国家疆域的各族群众安居乐业的重要保障,分裂主义给新疆各族人民带来了严重的灾难,近代以来新疆各族人民团结一致,用实践行动一次又一次维护了新疆社会稳定和祖国统一,各族群众同仇敌忾,团结一致抵抗境外分裂势力的历史构成一部波澜壮阔,可歌可泣的反分裂斗争史。全文共分为四个部分组成:第一部分:首先对文章的选题依据及意义进行阐述,其次对国内外研究现状进行综述,再次是介绍本文的研究思路和研究方法,最后就文章中出现的几个相关问题进行解释说明。第二部分:主要论述近代新疆分裂主义产生的条件及根源。近代新疆分裂主义产生的条件主要从国际国内两方面进行论述分析。近代新疆分裂主义产生的根源,从清朝在新疆采取的统治政策,近代新疆的国家认同危机以及近代新疆地方民族意识的觉醒三个方面进行了论述。第三部分:主要讲述新疆近代以来分裂活动与气势恢宏的反分裂斗争活动。帝国主义列强的支持以及境内外分裂势力及侵略势力的破坏,对近代新疆的稳定和发展造成了严重的威胁,这些分裂活动有其发展的特点。近代新疆各族人民在反侵略和反分裂中始终以保卫国家领土完整和祖国统一为己任,与外来侵略者和分裂主义者进行殊死斗争。第四部分:主要反思近代以来新疆反分裂斗争的成败与得失。在新疆反分裂斗争中的反思中主要论述建国以来国家认同建设的经验成果及不足,在新疆反分裂斗争的探索中主要论述如何构建反分裂斗争中的国家认同及文化认同。最后是结语,总结全文。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang's long-standing ethnic separatism, from generation to development has been more than 100 years time. The Qing Dynasty Xinjiang area emerging local separatist forces insurgency, such as: amursana rebellion, size and Zhuo rebellion, the Zhang'ge'er rebellion, "seven and Zhuo rebellion", the rebellion is to contend with the feudal dynasty the local separatist forces, but secretly support behind the other international hostile forces. With the middle of the nineteenth Century western nation state (Nation State) and the maturity of the theory of "nation" and "state" concept into China and gradually been Chinese intellectuals and elite bureaucrats accepted the modern sense of national consciousness awakening at the end of nineteenth Century Chinese gradually; at the beginning of the twentieth Century Chinese suffered from the aggression of imperialist and double pan trends continue to penetrate the border area, Xinjiang Provides the theory support the rapid development of separatist activities. Since modern Xinjiang separatism production and development is not easy, geographical environment, cultural differences, factors of the historical reasons and the central dynasty regime in the Xinjiang area management measures, provide favorable conditions for the development of separatism. And separatism quickly in Xinjiang spread, the fundamental reason lies in the implantation of Western capitalist countries "nation" theory in Chinese, so that double pan trends exist soil and space in Xinjiang. Xinjiang separatism seriously endangering the economic development and social stability in Xinjiang, while the country's territorial security constitutes a great security risk. History shows that national stability and national unity, is to promote the national long period of stability, as well as a serious split in the same country groups Xiaoshan An important guarantee in the music industry, separatism has caused great disaster to the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, since the modern people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang to unite with the practical action again and again to maintain social stability in Xinjiang and the reunification of the motherland, people of all nationalities united, unite to resist foreign separatist forces in the history of a surge high and sweep forward anti secession, capable of evoking praises and tears history of the struggle. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part: firstly, background and significance of the paper, then summarized the research situation, again is the introduction of the research ideas and research methods of this paper, finally explains several relevant problems appear in the article. The second part: conditions and mainly discusses the root of modern Xinjiang separatism produced. The appearance of modern Xinjiang separatism conditions mainly on the analysis from two aspects of international and domestic. Origin of modern Xinjiang separatism from the Qing Dynasty, the ruling policy in Xinjiang to take the national identity crisis of modern Xinjiang and the awakening of modern Xinjiang local ethnic consciousness three aspects. The third part: mainly about Xinjiang since modern separatist activities and potential gas quality of the struggle against separatism. The imperialist powers and the support of the territory outside the separatist forces of aggression and destruction, causing a serious threat to the stability and development of Xinjiang in modern times. The characteristics of these separatist activities has its development in modern Xinjiang. People of all ethnic groups in the anti invasion and anti secession has to defend the country's territorial integrity and national unity of responsibility, a death struggle with the invaders and separatists. The fourth part: the success and failure of the main reflection of modern Xinjiang since the struggle against separatism in Xinjiang. The reflection of the struggle against separatism in the main theory The achievements and shortcomings of national identity construction since the founding of the people's Republic of China are discussed. In the exploration of Xinjiang's struggle against separatism, we mainly discuss how to build national identity and cultural identity in the struggle against separatism.

【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D633

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