非政府组织参与城市社区治理问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 18:06

本文选题：非政府组织 + 参与　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：非政府组织是具有组织性、非政府性、非营利性、自治性、志愿性的社会组织。按照我国现行法律、法规的规定,非政府组织主要包括社会团体、民办非企业单位和基金会等。城市社区治理是指在城市社区范围内由政府、社区组织、非营利机构以及社区成员共同参与管理社区公共事务的活动过程,它体现为在一定的社区范围内通过自身所特有的制度让各种主体依托自身所拥有的资源而进行分工与合作,从而达到一种协调状态。相对于传统的社区统治和社区管理,社区治理强调政府、社区组织和公民个人共同参与社区建设,发展多元主体间的参与、合作、协商和伙伴关系。非政府组织参与城市社区治理是实现社区管理创新的重要方面,有利于正确处理政府、市场、社会在社区治理中的关系,并且大大降低了政府成本,其自身的治理能力也得到提升。但非政府组织参与城市社区治理目前还存在诸多问题：政府发挥的作用不到位,参与保障不足；非政府组织建设不完善,参与能力不强；非政府组织参与不全面,治理结构不合理；社区居民的配合度不高,服务效果不佳等。这些问题的产生存在体制、社会、思想观念甚至非政府组织自身等多方面的原因。美国的自治型治理、新加坡的政府主导型治理都是国外非政府组织参与城市社区治理的典型,国内以上海、苏州、沈阳为代表分别有政府主导型、结合治理型和自治治理型不同模式。在当前行政管理色彩浓厚的背景下,我国非政府组织参与城市社区治理适宜构建政府主导下的合作治理模式。让政府发挥主导作用,提供参与保障；非政府组织完善自身建设,强化参与能力；社区居民加大配合,增强参与动力,构建政府与非政府组织合作治理的共治模式。
[Abstract]:NGOs are organized, non-governmental, non-profit, autonomous and voluntary social organizations. According to the current laws and regulations of our country, non-governmental organizations mainly include social organizations, private non-enterprise units and foundations. Urban community governance is a process in which the government, community organizations, non-profit organizations and community members participate in the management of community public affairs. It embodies in a certain community through its own unique system to let all kinds of subjects rely on their own resources to work and cooperate so as to achieve a state of coordination. Compared with traditional community governance and community management, community governance emphasizes the participation of government, community organizations and individual citizens in community building, and the development of multi-agent participation, cooperation, consultation and partnership. The participation of non-governmental organizations in urban community governance is an important aspect of community management innovation, which is conducive to correctly handling the relationship between government, market and society in community governance, and greatly reduces the cost of government. Its own governance ability has also been improved. However, there are still many problems in the participation of NGOs in the governance of urban communities: the role of the government is not in place and the security of participation is insufficient; the construction of NGOs is not perfect and the ability to participate is not strong; the participation of NGOs is not comprehensive. The management structure is unreasonable; the community resident's cooperation degree is not high, the service effect is not good and so on. There are many reasons for these problems, such as system, society, ideology and even NGOs themselves. Self-government governance in the United States and government-led governance in Singapore are all typical examples of foreign non-governmental organizations participating in urban community governance. Shanghai, Suzhou and Shenyang are respectively represented by government-led governance in China. Combination of governance and autonomous governance of different models. Under the background of strong administrative color, it is appropriate for Chinese non-governmental organizations to take part in urban community governance and construct a cooperative governance model under the guidance of government. Let the government play a leading role, provide participation protection; non-governmental organizations to improve their own construction, strengthen the ability to participate; community residents to increase cooperation, enhance participation motivation, to build a cooperative governance model between the government and non-governmental organizations.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3;D632.9

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