多中心治理视角下的地方政府公共危机治理机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 03:28

本文选题：多中心 + 地方政府　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来，在我国各种自然灾害、传染性疾病以及生产事故等公共危机事件层出不穷。无论是2003年“非典”事件、2007年南方特大雪灾，2008年汶川大地震，还是地方毒奶粉危机事件以温州动车追尾事件等公共危机，这些事件的爆发都呈现出的是一种非常态的、高频率的、大范围的、危害性强烈的特点。公共危机事件使得全社会在反思相关灾害事故原因背后的同时，公共危机作为危及社会稳定的爆发性因子，公共危机的处理程度和公众反应考验着政府的执政能力。特别是对于转型期的中国来说，公共危机事件发生在中小城市的频率也在增加，所以对地方政府也提出了更多的挑战和考验。时代在发展，同时伴随着治理理念的提出，结合公共危机新出现的特点，政府处理危机的方式也从以往由政府主导逐渐将中心演变为政府、企业、社会组织以及公民共同参与的多中心的治理模式，提倡一种全社会共同参与的多元主体治理模式，，这也符合当前我国的国情和现实的需要。随着政府应对公共危机能力的提高，地方政府逐渐由配合中央政府的作用逐渐转化为能够成熟的应对地方公共危机，提升地方政府应对公共危机的能力，从而推进地方政府在服务保障民生、构建和谐社会中发挥独特的优势。本文立足于公共危机理论，治理理论，协同理论和多中心治理理论的多种理论背景的支撑下，将政府、社会组织、企业、公民作为地方政府应对公共危机的共同体，目的是在于通过具体的分析，提高其参与公共危机研究过程中的沟通与合作，从而提高应对公共危机事件的能力和效率。并且本文以上海外滩踩踏案分析作为参与主体的地方政府、公众、企业以及媒体等在应对公共危机的过程中出现的问题，总结出相应的应对措施。本文主要分为五个部分，第一部分主要是介绍选题的意义和背景，国内外的研究现状，相关的创新点和研究方法。第二部分重点分析有关理论基础，包括公共危机的概念及内涵特征以及治理的概念及其相关提出背景，协同治理的含义，最后分析的是多中心治理的相关概念。第三部分主要介绍我国地方政府应对公共危机的实证分析及其经验教训，分析其治理的现状、存在的问题等。第四部分通过引用上海外滩踩踏案的相关案例，通过实例分析进一步论证相关理论和概念。最后一部分结合多中心治理的相关理论，提出地方政府在治理公共危机过程中的改善和提升措施，特别是针对公共危机的不同类型提出不同的解决方法和路径。本文以地方政府应对公共危机的治理作为问题的出发点和切入点，通过具体事例来分析地方政府的公共危机应对能力的提升对于整个社会治理的重要性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a variety of natural disasters, infectious diseases and production accidents and other public crisis events emerge in endlessly. Whether it was the "SARS" incident in 2003, the severe snow disaster in the south in 2007, the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, or the local toxic milk powder crisis, such as the Wenzhou high-speed train crash, the outbreak of these incidents showed an unusual occurrence. Characterized by high frequency, wide range, and strong harmfulness. The public crisis events make the whole society reflect on the reasons behind the related disasters and accidents, at the same time, the public crisis as an explosive factor endangering social stability, the degree of public crisis management and public response test the government's ability to govern. Especially for China in transition, the frequency of public crisis in small and medium-sized cities is also increasing, so the local government has also put forward more challenges and tests. With the development of the times, along with the concept of governance and the new characteristics of the public crisis, the way the government deals with the crisis has gradually evolved from the government to the center of the government, enterprises. The multi-center governance model in which social organizations and citizens participate together advocates a multi-subject governance model in which the whole society participates together, which is also in line with the current situation of our country and the needs of reality. With the improvement of the ability of the government to deal with the public crisis, the role of the local government gradually changed from cooperating with the central government to being able to deal with the local public crisis maturely, and to enhance the ability of the local government to deal with the public crisis. In order to promote the local government in services to protect people's livelihood and build a harmonious society play a unique advantage. Supported by the theories of public crisis theory, governance theory, coordination theory and multi-center governance theory, this paper takes the government, social organizations, enterprises and citizens as the community of local governments to deal with the public crisis. The purpose of this paper is to improve the communication and cooperation in the process of public crisis research through concrete analysis, so as to improve the ability and efficiency of dealing with public crisis events. And this paper takes Shanghai Bund stampede as the main body of the analysis of local governments, the public, enterprises and the media in the process of responding to the public crisis problems, summed up the corresponding countermeasures. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is to introduce the significance and background of the topic, domestic and foreign research status, related innovations and research methods. The second part focuses on the theoretical basis, including the concept and connotation of public crisis, the concept of governance and its related background, the meaning of cooperative governance, and finally the related concepts of polycentric governance. The third part mainly introduces the empirical analysis and the experience and lessons of the local government to deal with the public crisis, analyzes the current situation of its governance, existing problems and so on. In the fourth part, by quoting the relevant cases of Shanghai Bund stampede, the relevant theories and concepts are further demonstrated through the analysis of examples. In the last part, the author puts forward the improvement and promotion measures of local government in the process of governance of public crisis, especially puts forward different methods and paths for different types of public crisis. This paper takes the governance of local government to deal with public crisis as the starting point and starting point of the problem, and analyzes the importance of the improvement of local government's ability to deal with public crisis for the whole society governance through concrete examples.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63

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