公众网络参与对公共政策制定的影响研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 20:34

【摘要】：在网络信息时代到来以后,人类的诸多行为方式和习惯被改变了,这些行为方式和习惯中当然也有人们政治生活的方式。从2003年孙志刚“被收容死亡”案件开始,西安钓鱼抓嫖事件、南京天价烟事件、周正龙“虎照门”、“7·23"动车追尾事件,再到2014年余杭“5·10”事件,湖北军训冲突事件,在短短10年左右时间里,民众通过网络平台已经成为诸多社会性事件的主角。网民——正在成为当今中国一支数量庞大、作用惊人的参与影响中国政治和公共政策的力量。在我国,网络参与也正在成为人民群众表达民意、参与政治的一种重要途径。这在一定程度上也改变了传统上认为的公共政策制定过程。那么,本文关心的问题就是——公共政策在制定过程中是否受到了网络参与的影响,受到了什么样的影响。关于公众网络参与对公共政策方面的研究包括多个不同方面、不同层次的问题,本文研究的侧重点是网络参与存在的问题。在这个问题上,公众参与是外在表现,网络技术是参与平台,民主政治是实现目标。因此,本文以“民主”为主线和评判标准,首先从对国内外相关领域的研究出发,运用文献分析的方法对网络政治参与的理论、现实和技术三个基础进行了探究,找到了公众网络参与坚实的理论、现实及技术基础。其次,运用案例分析的方法对两个公共政策的出台过程进行了剖析,发现在现实生活中公众网络参与的的确确对公共政策的制定产生了影响,但同时也看到在政策制定过程还存在诸多问题。最后,本文从三个方面分析查找了公民与政府双方在公民网络政治参与的困境,并由此提出了初步的意见建议。与现有研究将主要工作放在了理论研究上不同,本文从实践层面展开研究,运用案例分析法具体剖析两个案例,分析网上意见怎样进入到公共决策中,进而总结当前网络政治参与所处困境,以此找到对策出路。此方法的长处是能较为准确的展现现实。但由于分析问题能力欠缺,文章的研究结果和提出的建议还比较简单,这将是本人下一步需要加强的工作。
[Abstract]:After the arrival of the network information age, many behaviors and habits of human beings have been changed, of course, there are also ways of people's political life in these behaviors and habits. From the case of Sun Zhigang's "custody and death" in 2003, the Xi'an fishing and whoring incident, the Nanjing sky-price smoke incident, the Zhou Zhenglong "Tiger Zhao Men", the "7 23" train crash incident, and the 2014 Yuhang "5 10" incident, the Hubei military training conflict incident, In a short time of about 10 years, people through the network platform has become the protagonist of many social events. Internet users are becoming a powerful force in China's political and public policy. In our country, network participation is also becoming an important way for people to express public opinion and participate in politics. To some extent, this has changed what is traditionally believed to be the process of public policy-making. So, the concern of this paper is whether public policy is influenced by network participation in the process of making public policy and what kind of influence. The research on public network participation in public policy includes many different aspects and different levels of problems. The focus of this study is the problems of network participation. On this issue, public participation is the external manifestation, network technology is the participation platform, and democratic politics is the goal. Therefore, this article regards "democracy" as the main line and the judgment standard, starts from the domestic and foreign related domain research, uses the literature analysis method to carry on the research to the network political participation theory, the reality and the technical three foundation has carried on the exploration. Found a solid theoretical, practical and technical basis for public network participation. Secondly, using the method of case study to analyze the process of two public policies, it is found that in real life, the participation of public network really has an impact on the formulation of public policy. But at the same time also see in the policy-making process there are still many problems. Finally, this paper analyzes and finds out the dilemma of citizen and government's political participation in civil network from three aspects, and puts forward some preliminary suggestions. Different from the existing research, this paper starts the research from the practical level, analyzes the two cases by using the case analysis method, and analyzes how the online opinions enter into the public decision-making. Then summarizes the current network of political participation in the dilemma, to find a way out. The advantage of this method is that it can show the reality more accurately. However, due to the lack of the ability to analyze the problem, the research results and suggestions are relatively simple, which will be my next step to strengthen the work.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621.5;D630

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