易地扶贫搬迁模式与农户生计资本变动——基于准实验的政策评估
发布时间：2018-10-21 15:12
【摘要】：在我国生态环境脆弱和自然资源匮乏集中连片的特困地区实现精准扶贫、精准脱贫,使搬迁农户"搬得出、稳得住、能致富",对解决区域性整体贫困和全面建成小康社会具有重要的现实意义。基于云南省怒江州贫困农户易地扶贫搬迁准实验数据,采用DID模型对绝对贫困户和相对贫困户在不同易地扶贫搬迁模式前后的生计资本变动状况进行政策评估,发现易地扶贫搬迁总体上有利于提升农户生计资本。其中,依托企业带动安置模式(模式一)和山上搬山下安置模式(模式三)对提高贫困农户生计资本具有正向促进作用,有利于降低农户易地扶贫搬迁交易成本,并实现农户"搬得出、稳得住、能致富"的目的;依托小城镇集中安置模式(模式二)对纯农型农户生计资本变动不存在显著影响,但有利于提升农兼型和兼农型农户的生计资本;依托退耕还林逐步安置模式(模式四)对易地扶贫搬迁绝对贫困户生计资本不存在显著影响,但却有利于提升农兼型为主的相对贫困户的生计资本,造成"搬富不搬穷"的现象。此外,人力资本提升贫困农户生计资本的作用最为显著,物质资本、自然资本、金融资本和社会资本次之。
[Abstract]:In our country, where the ecological environment is fragile and the natural resources are scarce and concentrated in special hardship areas, we can achieve precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation, so that we can move farmers out of poverty and get them to move steadily. It is of great practical significance to solve the regional poverty and build a well-off society in an all-round way. Based on the quasi-experimental data of poverty alleviation and relocation of poor farmers in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, this paper uses DID model to evaluate the change of livelihood capital of absolute poor households and relative poor households before and after different relocation models. It is found that the relocation of poverty alleviation in different areas is beneficial to the improvement of farmers' livelihood capital. Among them, relying on enterprises to promote resettlement model (mode one) and mountain resettlement model (mode three) have positive promotion role to improve the livelihood capital of poor farmers, and help to reduce the transaction cost of poverty alleviation and relocation. And to realize the goal of peasant household "moving steadily and getting rich"; relying on the mode of centralized resettlement in small towns (mode 2), there is no significant influence on the change of livelihood capital of pure farm households. However, it is beneficial to enhance the livelihood capital of both agricultural and agricultural farmers, and there is no significant impact on the livelihood capital of the absolute poor households in poverty alleviation and relocation by relying on the model of gradual resettlement of returning farmland to forestry (mode 4). However, it is beneficial to raise the livelihood capital of the relative poor households, which leads to the phenomenon of "moving rich instead of poor". In addition, human capital plays the most important role in enhancing the livelihood capital of poor farmers, followed by material capital, natural capital, financial capital and social capital.
【作者单位】： 怒江州州委党校公共管理教研室;西南财经大学中国西部经济研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71263025) 西南财经大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(JBK1707008)
【分类号】：D632.4;F323.8
[Abstract]:In our country, where the ecological environment is fragile and the natural resources are scarce and concentrated in special hardship areas, we can achieve precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation, so that we can move farmers out of poverty and get them to move steadily. It is of great practical significance to solve the regional poverty and build a well-off society in an all-round way. Based on the quasi-experimental data of poverty alleviation and relocation of poor farmers in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, this paper uses DID model to evaluate the change of livelihood capital of absolute poor households and relative poor households before and after different relocation models. It is found that the relocation of poverty alleviation in different areas is beneficial to the improvement of farmers' livelihood capital. Among them, relying on enterprises to promote resettlement model (mode one) and mountain resettlement model (mode three) have positive promotion role to improve the livelihood capital of poor farmers, and help to reduce the transaction cost of poverty alleviation and relocation. And to realize the goal of peasant household "moving steadily and getting rich"; relying on the mode of centralized resettlement in small towns (mode 2), there is no significant influence on the change of livelihood capital of pure farm households. However, it is beneficial to enhance the livelihood capital of both agricultural and agricultural farmers, and there is no significant impact on the livelihood capital of the absolute poor households in poverty alleviation and relocation by relying on the model of gradual resettlement of returning farmland to forestry (mode 4). However, it is beneficial to raise the livelihood capital of the relative poor households, which leads to the phenomenon of "moving rich instead of poor". In addition, human capital plays the most important role in enhancing the livelihood capital of poor farmers, followed by material capital, natural capital, financial capital and social capital.
【作者单位】： 怒江州州委党校公共管理教研室;西南财经大学中国西部经济研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71263025) 西南财经大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(JBK1707008)
【分类号】：D632.4;F323.8
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