在输入及输出之间：中国媒体的议程设置功能研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 08:36

【摘要】：我国正处于全面深化改革的关键时期,面临着各种各样的利益和矛盾冲突。虽然社会问题很多,但受政府的资源和能力所限,可以被提上议事日程的事项却是有限的,这就可能导致政府实际解决的问题与公众希望政府解决的问题之间存在着某种不一致。因此,如何真正将“民之所望”有效地转变为政府“施之所向”,对于提升国家治理水平就非常关键。随着信息化时代的到来,科技水平的提高,我国民主政治发展程度的提高以及公众自主意识的觉醒,被称作“第四种权力”的大众传媒在政策过程中的作用日益凸显,媒体的议程设置功能已日渐为人们所熟知,它不单是政府对公众的“传声筒”,而且已逐渐成为民意表达的一个途径,介于政府和公众之间,促进二者的双向沟通,从而实现政治-社会系统环境框架下输入和输出的平衡。如果从静态的角度看,这可以被视为国家治理过程中媒体议程设置功能发挥的一般意义,当然也是传统上的划分。然而,如果从动态的角度来看,媒体的议程设置功能对国家治理的作用并不仅仅局限于政治输入环节,而且在输入、输出与反馈各个环节都发挥着不可替代的作用。在中国的政治社会生活中,媒体不仅能够表达民意、提高政治输入的水平,而且还在政治输出的过程中发挥着政策合法化与宣传的功能,优化政策执行的社会环境,监督和评估政策实施中的各种偏差和失误,以此进行政治反馈,推进问题的及时解决和民意的有效回应。以此认识为基础,本文将政治系统理论与政策过程理论相结合,建立了一个关于媒体议程设置功能的动态分析框架,并通过对媒体议程设置功能具体环节的分析,结合相关案例研究,力图揭示出中国媒体在政治生活和国家治理过程中的具体作用及机制。
[Abstract]:Our country is in the key period of comprehensive deepening reform, facing all kinds of interests and conflicts. Although there are many social problems, due to the resources and capacity of the government, there are limited items that can be put on the agenda. This may lead to some inconsistency between the problems the government actually solves and the problems the public wants the government to solve. Therefore, how to effectively transform "what the people want" into "what the government does" is very important to improve the level of national governance. With the arrival of the information age, the improvement of the level of science and technology, the improvement of the degree of democratic political development and the awakening of the consciousness of public autonomy, the role of the mass media called "the fourth kind of power" in the policy process is becoming increasingly prominent. The role of the media in setting the agenda has become increasingly well known. It is not only the "mouthpiece" of the government to the public, but also has gradually become a way of expressing public opinion, between the government and the public, promoting two-way communication between the two. In order to achieve the political-social system environment under the framework of input and output balance. From a static point of view, this can be seen as the general meaning of the media agenda setting function in the process of national governance and, of course, the traditional division. However, from a dynamic point of view, the role of media agenda setting function in national governance is not limited to political input, but also plays an irreplaceable role in input, output and feedback. In China's political and social life, the media can not only express public opinion and improve the level of political input, but also play the role of legalizing and propagating policies in the process of political output, so as to optimize the social environment for policy implementation. To monitor and evaluate all kinds of errors and mistakes in policy implementation so as to carry out political feedback and promote timely solution of problems and effective response of public opinion. Based on this understanding, this paper combines the theory of political system with the theory of policy process, establishes a dynamic analysis framework about the function of media agenda setting, and analyzes the specific links of media agenda setting function. Combined with relevant case studies, this paper tries to reveal the specific role and mechanism of Chinese media in the process of political life and national governance.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630;G206

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