新世纪小说亡灵叙事的死亡意识

发布时间：2018-03-20 02:00

本文选题：死亡意识　切入点：亡灵叙事　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新世纪以来全社会倡导公平正义,但是仍有许多冤案发生,而冤案之中的“非正常死亡”逐渐成为一个现象。作家对此现象予以关注并开始在创作中采用亡灵叙事的手法,以“非正常死亡”案件中死者的视角为叙述视角为读者拨开云雾与还原真相。亡灵叙事是在死亡书写的基础上发展而来,但又与死亡书写不同:死亡书写注重描写离奇恐怖的情节,是外在的观察视角;亡灵叙事则“化腐朽为神奇”,以死者自身的口吻进行叙述,是内在的审视视角。新世纪以来作家不断采用亡灵叙事创作进而形成了一股叙事潮流,而亡灵叙事背后隐含的作家的死亡意识则构成了文章论述的中心。新世纪亡灵叙事小说的最大特征是以死者的亡灵视角进行叙述,这一特征使人想到死亡本身以及死亡的文学、死亡的哲学、死亡的价值,而这些死亡的范畴和领域又体现着人的死亡意识,换言之,研究亡灵叙事有助于读者理解新世纪以来作家的死亡意识及当下人的死亡意识。在仔细阅读文本的基础上,论文以新世纪小说中的亡灵叙事为研究对象,归纳了新世纪小说亡灵叙事呈现出的死亡意识。论文主体由五部分组成。第一部分对死亡意识和亡灵叙事的概念进行理论界定,并就二者的内在逻辑关联进行论证。第二部分主要阐述新世纪小说亡灵叙事的产生语境和总体特征。当下社会中“非正常死亡”现象频发是其社会现实语境,拉美作家如马尔克斯和鲁尔福的创作带给中国作家新的启迪,中国传统鬼文化也深刻影响了采用亡灵叙事的作家的心理结构和具体创作。新世纪小说的亡灵叙事的总体特征,从叙述形式、主题表达与文本风格三个维度的叙述体验上加以研究。第三部分是论文主体,它深入具体文本论述了新世纪小说亡灵叙事的创作主题、亡灵形象、故事情节与死亡意识的关联。新世纪小说的亡灵叙事涉及重建传统乡土伦理与秩序、批判现实之荒诞以及反思与救赎人性的主题;在创作主题与死亡意识的推动之下,作家塑造了生动而独特的一系列的亡灵形象;新世纪小说的亡灵叙事也有一定的叙述模式:“重返—离开”的模式和“悬疑—侦破”的模式。第四部分主要分析了新世纪小说亡灵叙事的艺术策略,从叙述视角、叙述结构、修辞艺术三个角度展开。第五部分阐释了新世纪小说的亡灵叙事与死亡意识的理论思辨。通过梳理中西方各典型时期的死亡意识,这一部分得出了死亡意识的演进规律,论述了新世纪小说亡灵叙事的死亡意识的特征与文学史价值。新世纪小说亡灵叙事的死亡意识既体现作家关照现实的积极一面,也折射出当下人对死亡现象的娱乐与消费的消极一面,然而活在当下个体存在究竟如何,仍是每个人应该直面和追问的话题。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, the whole society has advocated fairness and justice, but there are still many injustice cases, and the "abnormal death" in the injustice cases has gradually become a phenomenon. Taking the angle of view of the deceased in the case of "abnormal death" as the narrative angle of view, the author opens up the clouds and restores the truth for the reader. The narration of the undead is developed on the basis of the writing of death. But it is different from death writing: death writing focuses on the plot of strange horror and is an external perspective of observation; the narrative of the dead "turns decadence into magic" and narrates it in the voice of the deceased. Since the new century, writers have constantly adopted the undead narrative creation to form a narrative trend. The author's consciousness of death behind the narration of the dead forms the center of the article. The greatest feature of the novel of the dead in the new century is to describe it from the perspective of the dead, which makes one think of death itself and the literature of death. The philosophy of death, the value of death, and these categories and fields of death reflect the consciousness of death, in other words, The study of the undead narrative is helpful for readers to understand the writer's death consciousness since the new century and the death consciousness of the present people. On the basis of careful reading of the text, the thesis takes the undead narrative in the novel of the new century as the object of study. The thesis consists of five parts. The first part defines the concepts of the consciousness of death and the narrative of the dead. The second part mainly expounds the context and the overall characteristics of the narration of the undead in the novel of the new century. The frequent occurrence of "abnormal death" in the present society is its social realistic context. The creation of Latin American writers, such as Marquez and Ruerford, has brought new inspiration to Chinese writers. Chinese traditional ghost culture has also profoundly influenced the psychological structure and concrete creation of writers who adopt the narrating of the dead, and the overall characteristics of the narrating of the undead in the novel of the new century. The third part is the main body of the thesis, which discusses the theme and image of the undead narrative in the novel of the new century. The narration of the undead in the novel of the new century involves rebuilding the traditional local ethics and order, criticizing the absurdity of reality and the theme of reflection and redemption of human nature, which is promoted by the theme of creation and the consciousness of death. The writer has created a series of vivid and unique images of the dead; There are also certain narrative modes in the narration of the undead in the novel of the new century: the mode of "return to leave" and the mode of "suspense and detection". Part 4th mainly analyzes the artistic strategy of the narrative of the undead in the novel of the new century, from the angle of view of narration, the narrative structure. The 5th part explains the theory of the narrating of the undead and the consciousness of death in the novel of the new century. By combing the death consciousness of each typical period in China and the West, this part draws the law of the evolution of the consciousness of death. This paper discusses the characteristics of the dead consciousness and the value of literary history in the narration of the undead in the novel of the new century. The death consciousness of the narration of the undead in the novel of the new century not only reflects the positive side of the writer's concern for the reality, It also reflects the negative aspects of entertainment and consumption of death, but living in the present is still a topic that everyone should face and ask.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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