“柳青精神”及《创业史》再解读

发布时间：2018-09-06 14:52

【摘要】：21世纪以来,随着社会主义精神文明创建活动的持续深入,人们更加渴求以健康的文学艺术陶冶情操,丰富生活,这对新时代的文学创作提出了更高的要求,也为文学领域的创新发展提供了契机。为了迎合现代人的审美需求,文艺工作者一方面在多元文化背景下艰难求索,力图在创作理念和技法上直入人心,另一方面,新思维的注入也打开了经典文本的“重生”之路,使文本的解读方式不再囿于特定的历史语境与文化传统,这种趋向为尘封在历史潮流下的文艺产物,尤其是十七年文学研究开拓了新的视野。柳青作为十七年文学的代表,其本人及呕心沥血之作《创业史》显然成为了那个时代的牺牲品,在近60年的评价史中,柳青及《创业史》始终难以摆脱氤氲其间的政治质素,这是时代的局限,也是文坛的不幸。站在新世纪的开放格局下,以发展的学术眼光重新审视作家作品,在被历史尘埃遮蔽的“红色经典”中发掘新时代所需要的精神养分,是文学实践的需要,也是推动文艺发展、文化繁荣的需要。文章以作家和作品双线并进,将全文分为三章:第一章从柳青“三个学校”的文学观入手,根据柳青的生活态度、政治立场和艺术探求,深入作家的精神世界,把握柳青在特定历史背景下的文化心理特质和文学思想。之所以将“三个学校”文学观作为追寻“柳青精神”的切入点,不仅源于柳青本人对“三所学校”的信仰与推崇,生活、政治、艺术这三方面也几乎构筑出了一个生活在政治气候下的文艺追求者的“精神世界”。第二章以柳青的代表作《创业史》为例,通过对60年代初到新世纪以来《创业史》在文坛掀起的评论热潮的梳理,分析其形成悬殊的政治、社会及文化原因,并站在现代视角对其做出再评价,这不仅有利于我们回顾《创业史》是怎样举步维艰地出现在当代文学视野中,更重要的是通过梳理与分析,启示我们怎样寻根觅迹,找到新时代的解读出口。第三章以多元文化为背景,以时代需求为契机,提炼柳青文化心理特质的时代意义与《创业史》在艺术探求上的历史贡献,简析以路遥、陈忠实为代表的陕西作家对柳青精神的传承与突破,从而提炼柳青及《创业史》研究对新时代人文精神和文学创作的重要价值,这也是文章“再解读”的意义所在。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, with the continuous deepening of the establishment of socialist spiritual civilization, people are more eager to cultivate sentiment and enrich life with healthy literature and art, which puts forward higher requirements for literary creation in the new era. It also provides an opportunity for the innovation and development of literature. In order to meet the aesthetic needs of modern people, on the one hand, literary and art workers are trying hard to find out under the multicultural background, trying hard to get directly into the hearts of the people in terms of creative ideas and techniques. On the other hand, the injection of new thinking has also opened the way of "rebirth" of classical texts. So that the interpretation of the text is no longer confined to the specific historical context and cultural tradition, this trend has opened up a new field of vision for literature and art under the historical trend, especially for the 17 years of literary research. As a representative of 17 years literature, Liu Qing himself and his painstaking work "the History of Entrepreneurship" obviously became the victim of that era. In the nearly 60 years of evaluation history, Liu Qing and "the History of Entrepreneurship" have always been difficult to get rid of the political quality of the period. This is the limitation of the times, but also the misfortune of the literary world. Standing in the opening pattern of the new century, we should re-examine the writers and works from the academic perspective of development, and explore the spiritual nutrients needed in the new era in the "Red Classics" obscured by the historical dust. It is the need of literary practice and also the promotion of the development of literature and art. The need for cultural prosperity. The article divides the full text into three chapters: the first chapter starts with Liu Qing's literary view of "three schools", according to Liu Qing's attitude to life, political standpoint and artistic exploration, and goes deep into the writer's spiritual world. Grasp Liu Qing's cultural psychological characteristics and literary thoughts under the specific historical background. The reason why the literary view of "three schools" is regarded as the starting point of pursuing "Liu Qing's spirit" is not only from Liu Qing's belief and esteem, life, politics, but also from his belief in "three schools". The three aspects of art have almost constructed a spiritual world for literary pursuers living in the political climate. The second chapter takes Liu Qing's masterpiece "the History of Entrepreneurship" as an example, through combing the reviews of "the History of Entrepreneurship" in the literary world from the early 1960s to the new century, and analyzes the political, social and cultural reasons for the great disparity in the formation of "the History of Entrepreneurship". It is not only helpful for us to review how the History of Entrepreneurship appeared in the field of contemporary literature, but also, through combing and analyzing, enlighten us how to find our roots. Find the interpretation of the new era export. The third chapter takes multiculturalism as the background, takes the time demand as the opportunity, refines the age significance of Liu Qing's cultural psychology characteristic and the historical contribution of "the History of Entrepreneurship" in the artistic exploration. The Shaanxi writer represented by Chen Zhongshi inherits and breaks through the spirit of Liu Qing, so as to refine the important value of the study of Liu Qing and the History of Entrepreneurship to the humanistic spirit and literary creation of the new era, which is also the significance of the article's "reinterpretation".
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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