基于SWMM模型的西安市城区汇水区域划分与径流特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 02:30

本文选题：SWMM + 城市化　；参考：《西安理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在西安市城市区域,随着经济的高速发展,西安市城市化进程逐年增加,导致城市区域的不透水面比率大幅增加,使得城市区域因降雨产生的径流大大增加。同时加上近年来气候变化与城市热岛效应的影响,城市暴雨的重现期不断的刷新纪录,导致内涝灾害发生频率急剧增加,西安市城区在近十几年来几乎年年发生内涝灾害,加之落后的雨洪内涝管理系统导致内涝灾害发生程度越来越严重城市,内涝现象已经成为严重影响城市居民生活生产和工农业生产重要的因素之一。因此本文通过寻找一种新的雨洪管理方法,基于雨洪模型来仿真模拟研究城市区域降雨径流影响因素以及对径流削减规律,对西安市暴雨内涝灾害的控制有着十分重要的意义,而且提供了理论的支撑与参考。本文以西安市最新的排水管网图和地理地形资料对西安市城市区域进行雨洪管理分区,基于SWMM模型仿真模拟某一个管理分区数个独立排水单元所在下垫面的降雨径流规律以及影响的因素。同时基于模型仿真模拟不同LID措施对于径流的削减规律,并采取以下垫面综合径流系数为目标函数对模型的参数进行验证。主要的研究成果如下:(1)根据地形资料和西安市排水管网信息对西安市城市区域划分为10个排水管理分区,排水分区之间基本没有联系。(2)在护城河排水管理分区选取3个相邻独立的排水管网系统所处的位置作为研究区域,基于SWMM模型进行现状条件下的仿真模拟,得出了流域出口降雨径流特征值洪峰、洪量、洪峰出现时间以及下垫面径流系数受到雨峰系数、设计降雨重现期、下垫面透水比率的影响规律。(3)加装LID措施后,模拟研究区域随着LID措施布设面积比率的增加与设计降雨重现期的增加,LID措施对洪峰、洪量、洪峰出现时间以及下垫面的径流系数削减效果。得出随LID布设面积比率的增加,LID措施对径流的削减效果呈线性增加的趋势;随着设计降雨重现期的增加,其对径流削减效果明显减弱。LID措施在中低雨强情况下对雨洪的削减效果最好,随着雨强的增大,削减效果逐渐减弱。
[Abstract]:In Xi'an urban area, with the rapid development of economy, the urbanization process of Xi'an increases year by year, which leads to the increase of impermeable surface ratio in urban area and the increase of runoff caused by rainfall in urban area. At the same time, in addition to the influence of climate change and urban heat island effect in recent years, the recurrence period of urban rainstorm has constantly set new records, resulting in a sharp increase in the frequency of waterlogging disasters, and the waterlogging disaster occurred in Xi'an urban area almost every year in the past ten years. In addition, the backwardness of rainwater and waterlogging management system leads to more and more serious waterlogging disasters in cities. The phenomenon of waterlogging has become one of the important factors that seriously affect urban residents' daily life and industrial and agricultural production. Therefore, by looking for a new rainwater management method, this paper simulates and studies the influencing factors of rainfall runoff and the law of runoff reduction based on rain flood model, which is of great significance to the control of rainstorm waterlogging disaster in Xi'an. It also provides theoretical support and reference. Based on the latest drainage network map and geographical topographic data of Xi'an city, the rainwater and flood management area of Xi'an city area is divided into rain and flood management zones in this paper. Based on SWMM model, the rainfall runoff law and influencing factors of several independent drainage units in a management zone are simulated. At the same time, the runoff reduction law of different LID measures was simulated based on the model, and the parameters of the model were verified by the objective function of the following surface comprehensive runoff coefficient. The main research results are as follows: (1) according to the topographic data and the drainage network information of Xi'an, the urban area of Xi'an is divided into 10 drainage management zones. There is basically no relation between drainage zones. 2) the location of three adjacent independent drainage pipe network systems is chosen as the research area in the moat drainage management zone, and the simulation is carried out under the condition of the current situation based on SWMM model. The characteristic values of rainfall runoff at the outlet of the basin are obtained: Hong Feng, flood quantity, the time of occurrence of Hong Feng and the runoff coefficient of underlying surface are affected by the rain peak coefficient. The influence law of rainfall recurrence period and the permeable ratio of underlying surface are designed. (3) after installing LID measures, With the increase of the area ratio of LID measures and the increase of the design rainfall recurrence period, the effect of lid measures on Hong Feng, flood volume, Hong Feng appearance time and runoff coefficient of underlying surface is reduced. With the increase of LID area ratio, the effect of runoff reduction is linearly increased, and with the increase of design rainfall recurrence period, The effect of runoff reduction is obviously weakened .LID measures have the best effect in the case of low and middle rain intensity. With the increase of rain intensity, the effect of reduction gradually weakens.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992

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