不同园林植物景观对大学生心理作用的影响调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 01:11

本文选题：园林植物 + 植物景观　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球气候的不断变暖,海平面不断增高,生态环境问题日益严重,而我国在园林环境设计中,对园林植物的科学配置影响人的心理作用方面的研究很少。现如今康复性景观及疗养环境的创建都仅局限于建筑环境周边的绿色景观。植物根据时间的推移体现出了季节的变化和生命的体征,也铸造了特殊的情绪空间,让人们感受到植物景观的面积大小、节奏韵律等变化,从而影响人的心理反应。所以,在植物景观营造的过程中要懂得植物各种特性,要从整体的角度出发去掌握和构造植物景观,有效的解决植物景观的各种关系,并且要全方位的考虑不同的景观类型对人的心理作用与影响的变化,才能给人们提供和创造一个更加舒适和谐健康的生态植物景观。本文通过文献资料收集阅览、问卷调查、SPSS软件数据分析等方法,以园林植物和植物景观空间对人心理的影响为切入点进行分析研究,为园林植物应用及园林植物景观的合理配置提供科学的理论依据。主要研究了不同色系的植物和不同特性的植物在五种感官中对人的心理作用影响以及情绪的变化,研究发现不同的感官刺激下的不同植物对人心理有着不同的影响以及变化。主要结果如下:1.不同植物景观在视觉感官刺激下对人心理作用影响中红色系植物对人的刺激反应最为强烈平均值都位于4分(最高5分)以上,绿色系植物却位于2分左右是五种色系中最低;在缓解压力的能力上紫色系植物的能力最强,平均值位于5分(最高7分)左右,而绿色系植却又位于最低值;在视觉感官刺激反应中红色系、绿色系、白色系植物都处于积极正面的情绪状态,只有黄色系植物处于消极情绪状态,这是因为不同的人群对黄色的含义理解不同,多数人对于它的理解都稍有偏差;这样就看出红色系植物给人一种喜悦、兴奋、积极情绪的心理反应,紫色给人一种神秘、安逸的心理反应,而其他色系也有着不同的心理反应变化。2.在植物景观营造中听觉感官对人的心理作用影响主要来源于风声和雨声间接通过震动植物的树叶或枝干发出声音而感,根据调查数据显示人们对雨声的听觉感官反应表现为积极正面的情绪状态,而在风声的感受中,人们的情绪状态表现的较为消极,其中男性群体的情绪状态比女性群体表现的更加消极。3.在对气味的香浓程度对人的嗅觉感官心理作用的影响调查研究发现,桂花、玉兰及樱花三种植物的芳香浓度各不相同,但它们给人的情绪变化状态都是积极正面的影响。桂花的外观美感没有玉兰和樱花的强,可是香味极为芳香迷人,对人的心理影响有着积极正面的作用;玉兰的香气浓度低于桂花,高于樱花,在视觉感官刺上比桂花强;反观樱花虽然气味的芳香浓度低于前两者,可外观的视觉感官刺激却是最强的,所呈现的情绪状态指数是三种植物中最高的。4.在某种特定的环境下触觉和味觉感官对不同性别的人群心理作用会产生不同的影响与变化。例如,板栗的味道与外形在触觉和味觉的感官上对不同性别的人群心理作用影响有着明显的差异性,男性群体在味觉感官刺激下对板栗呈现出消极负面的情绪状态,板栗的外壳过于锋利与坚固,外在的感官刺激影响了对味道的感受;女性群体则是从板栗的味道上做出反应,味觉的感官刺激影响了对视觉形态的感觉,所呈现的情绪状态是积极正面的。综合以上调查研究结果,我们发现园林植物景观对人心理作用的影响是多方面的,不同情况下会产生不同的情绪状况。植物与健康之间有着千丝万缕的关系,植物景观与人之间的关系是相辅相成的,人们只有在良好的植物景观下才会身心健康。
[Abstract]:With the warming of the global climate, the sea level is increasing and the ecological environment is becoming more and more serious. In the design of garden environment, there are few studies on the psychological role of the scientific allocation of garden plants in China. Now, the creation of the rehabilitation landscape and the convalescent environment are only limited to the green landscape around the building environment. According to the passage of time, it embodies the change of the season and the physical signs of life, and also makes a special emotional space, which makes people feel the size of the plant landscape, the rhythm of rhythm and so on, thus affecting the psychological reaction of the people. Therefore, in the process of plant landscape construction, we must understand the various characteristics of the plants and start from the perspective of the whole. To master and construct plant landscape, effectively solve the various relations of plant landscape, and to consider the changes of different landscape types on people's psychological function and influence in a comprehensive way, can we provide and create a more comfortable and harmonious and healthy ecological plant landscape. This article through literature collection and reading, questionnaire survey, SPSS The method of software data analysis is used to analyze the influence of garden plants and plant landscape space on human psychology, and provide scientific theoretical basis for the application of garden plants and the rational allocation of garden plant landscape. The main research is the psychological work of different color plants and different special plants in five senses. Using the influence and the change of emotion, we found that different plants with different sensory stimuli have different effects and changes on human psychology. The main results are as follows: 1. the most intense mean value of the red plants to human stimulation in different plant landscapes under the visual sensory stimulation is 4 (the highest 5 points). Above, the green plants are the lowest in the five color lines at about 2 points. In the ability to relieve the pressure, the purple plant has the strongest ability, the average value is about 5 (the highest 7), and the green system is at the lowest value. In the visual sensory stimulation reaction, the red, green, and white plants are in positive emotional state. Only yellow plants are in a negative mood. This is because different people understand the meaning of yellow, and most people have a slight deviation in understanding it. In this way, the red plants give people a kind of joy, excitement, positive emotional reaction, purple gives a mysterious, comfortable psychological reaction, and other colors. The psychological effects of.2. in the plant landscape are also influenced by the sound and the sound of the sound and the rain sound indirectly through the leaves or branches of the vibrated plants. According to the survey data, the auditory sensory responses of the people to the sound of rain are positive and positive. In the feeling of sound, people's emotional state is more negative, among which the emotional state of the male group is more negative than that of the female group. The investigation of the influence of the odor degree on the sense of the sense of smell of the human is found that the aromatic concentration of three species of Osmanthus, Magnolia and cherry blossoms are different, but they are given to people. The emotional changes are positive and positive. The beauty of Osmanthus has no Magnolia and cherry blossoms, but the fragrance is very fragrant and charming. It has a positive effect on the psychological impact of the human. The aroma of Magnolia is lower than the osmanthus, higher than the cherry, and stronger in the visual sense than the osmanthus; although the aroma of cherry blossoms is low, the aroma is low. In the first two, the appearance of visual sensory stimulation is the strongest, and the emotional state index is the highest.4. of the three species of plants in a particular environment that affects and changes the psychological effects of the sense of touch and sense of taste to different sexes. For example, the taste and shape of chestnut are in the sense of touch and taste. There are obvious differences in the psychological effects of different sexes. The male group has negative and negative emotional state on the chestnut under the sense of taste sense. The shell of the chestnut is too sharp and strong, the external sensory stimulation affects the feeling of taste; the female group reacts to the taste of the chestnut, and the sense of taste. The official stimulation affects the sense of visual form, and the emotional state is positive. Combining the results of the above investigation, we find that the influence of garden plant landscape on human psychological function is multifaceted, and there will be different emotional conditions under different circumstances. The relationship between people is complementary to each other. People only have good physical and mental health under the good plant landscape.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B845.6;TU986

【参考文献】