三维隔振装置及其在博物馆结构中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 10:06

【摘要】：近年来,地铁运输系统迅速发展,由于城市地铁均贯穿市中心,在负担城市运输任务的同时,也对沿线周围的住宅楼、办公楼、博物馆、古建筑产生影响。目前,隔震技术的发展已比较成熟,成为一种有效的减震手段,但隔震设计主要针对水平地震作用,对轨道交通引起的以竖向为主的结构振动并未起到有效的隔振作用。因此,兼具水平隔震和竖向隔振的三维隔振技术成为工程界探索和关注的焦点。本文在对国内外相关研究内容进行调研的基础上,以既能隔离水平地震作用,又能减轻地铁运行诱发沿线建筑的竖向振动为目的,采用橡胶支座与碟形弹簧组串联的方式,构造了一种三维隔振装置,通过理论研究、数值模拟、应用实践对其可行性、实用性及有效性进行了深入研究。论文主要研究工作和成果如下:(1)从结构动力学基本原理出发,分析了隔振装置的竖向隔振原理。通过合理、恰当的构造措施使橡胶支座与碟形弹簧组的刚度解耦,保证了三维隔振装置的有效性、安全性、稳定性,解决了隔振体系的摇摆问题,同时,提出了三维隔振的设计方法。(2)利用ABAQUS分别建立了橡胶支座与碟形弹簧组的有限元模型,按照相应规范进行加载,获得荷载—位移曲线。通过计算得到三维隔振装置的水平刚度与竖向刚度,为其在工程中应用提供了相关参数。(3)基于四川某博物馆实际工程,采用结构通用有限元分析软件SAP2000建立了原结构与隔振结构两种三维模型。选取了 7条地震波输入两种结构模型,从结构周期、基底剪力、层间侧移和水平加速度峰值四个方面进行了分析。结果表明,三维隔振装置具有良好的水平向隔震效果。(4)通过现场实测得到了在地铁运行时四川某博物馆室外地坪的竖向加速度时程,选取其中3条作为激励输入结构模型,分析了隔振和非隔振结构各楼层的竖向加速度响应,利用Matlab编程计算得到了各楼层的Z振级。结果表明,隔振后结构各楼层的竖向加速度和Z振级明显减小。(5)对于本文分析的四川某博物馆结构模型,三维隔振装置既减小了水平向地震作用下的结构响应,又降低了地铁运行时结构各楼层的竖向加速度响应,隔震减振效果明显。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the subway transportation system has developed rapidly. As the city subway runs through the city center, it also has an impact on the residential buildings, office buildings, museums and ancient buildings around the city. At present, the development of isolation technology has been more mature, and has become an effective means of seismic absorption, but the isolation design is mainly aimed at horizontal earthquake, and it does not play an effective role in isolating the vertical structural vibration caused by rail transit. Therefore, the 3D vibration isolation technology with both horizontal and vertical isolation has become the focus of exploration and attention in engineering field. In this paper, based on the investigation of the related research contents at home and abroad, in order to isolate the horizontal earthquake action and reduce the vertical vibration of the buildings along the line caused by the subway operation, the rubber bearing and the disc spring group are adopted in series. A three dimensional vibration isolator is constructed, and its feasibility, practicability and effectiveness are studied through theoretical research, numerical simulation and practical application. The main research work and results are as follows: (1) the vertical vibration isolation principle of vibration isolator is analyzed from the basic principle of structural dynamics. Through reasonable and appropriate construction measures, the stiffness of rubber bearing and disc spring group is decoupled, which ensures the effectiveness, safety and stability of the three-dimensional vibration isolator, and solves the swing problem of the vibration isolation system, at the same time, The design method of three dimensional vibration isolation is put forward. (2) the finite element model of rubber bearing and disc spring group is established by using ABAQUS, and the load-displacement curve is obtained by loading according to the corresponding specifications. The horizontal and vertical stiffness of the three-dimensional vibration isolator is obtained by calculation, which provides the relevant parameters for its application in the engineering. (3) based on the actual project of a museum in Sichuan, Two three dimensional models of the original structure and the vibration isolation structure are established by using the general finite element analysis software SAP2000. Two structural models of 7 seismic wave inputs are selected and analyzed from four aspects: structural period, base shear force, interlayer lateral shift and peak horizontal acceleration. The results show that the three-dimensional vibration isolator has a good horizontal isolation effect. (4) the vertical acceleration time history of the outdoor floor of a museum in Sichuan Province is obtained by field measurement, and three of them are selected as the excitation input structure model. The vertical acceleration response of each floor of isolation and non-isolation structures is analyzed and the Z vibration level of each floor is obtained by Matlab programming. The results show that the vertical acceleration and Z level of each floor of the structure are obviously reduced after vibration isolation. (5) for the structural model of a museum in Sichuan Province, the three-dimensional vibration isolation device not only reduces the structural response under horizontal earthquake. The vertical acceleration response of each floor of subway structure is reduced, and the vibration isolation effect is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.12

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