城市设计维度下西安三学街历史文化街区保护与更新研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 19:06

【摘要】：三学街历史文化街区位于文昌门内西南隅,隋朝时期为皇城太庙的所在地,北宋时期出现府学,明清时期文化教育功能得到完善,已经形成了长安县学、西安府学、咸宁县学及关中书院。经历各个时期的发展演变,三学街历史文化街区形成了以文化为主导特征,居住与商业共存的街区模式,其区域地位、形态特征以及空间肌理都刻有不可磨灭的历史印迹。但街区与周边区域的联系不够紧密,尤其是与南门历史文化街区、钟楼这类地标性建筑之间缺少整体性的关系,限制了街区的发展。街区虽文化底蕴深厚,但当代人却知之甚少,导致场所认知度偏低,若长此以往,街区文化将岌岌可危。加上居民对老宅保护的不重视,肆意搭建、重建,使历史风貌的完整性遭到一定程度的破坏。本文采用文献资料、调查研究、案例研究、系统分析的方法,以西安三学街历史文化街区为对象,基于城市设计维度的视角,主要从以下几方面展开研究:首先,对历史文化街区的概念、构成要素、类型、功能进行深入解析,对城市设计各个维度进行相关理论的诠释;其次,分析了三学街历史文化街区从隋唐至当代的发展演变,归纳总结出街区在不同时期的特征;随之,通过现场调研,基于形态维度、视觉维度、认知维度、功能维度对三学街历史文化街区进行剖析,总结出其在城市发展中存在的诸多问题;继而根据地域特征由北向南选取了济南芙蓉街-百花洲历史文化街区、成都宽窄巷子以及福州三坊七巷,通过对案例的解读,从中提取出历史文化街区更新原则及启示;最后,结合城市设计维度的手法,从空间形态、视觉效果、场地认知、功能更新等几方面剖析三学街历史文化街区存在的问题,并借鉴案例的经验,对三学街历史文化街区进行优化,提出相适应的保护和发展策略。通过以上分析,提出历史文化街区保护与更新的原则,包括历史原真性原则、分级保护原则、渐进式更新原则、时代适宜性原则以及公众参与性原则,基于这些原则,通过城市设计维度的视角,提出对历史文化街区保护更新的策略,主要从形态维度对街区公共空间进行整体把控、从视觉维度对街区整体风貌进行提升、从认知维度对街区形象特征进行强化、从功能维度对街区整体品质改善进行展开。
[Abstract]:The historical and cultural district of Sanxue Street is located in the southwest corner of Wenchang Gate. In the Sui Dynasty, it was the seat of the Imperial City Tai Temple. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the cultural and educational functions of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Ming and Qing dynasties were improved, and the Changan County School and Xi'an School School were formed. Xianning County School and Guanzhong Academy. Through the development and evolution of each period, the historical and cultural district of Sanxue Street has formed a district pattern with culture as the dominant feature, living and commercial coexistence, its regional status, morphological characteristics and spatial texture are engraved with indelible historical imprinting. However, the relationship between blocks and surrounding areas is not close enough, especially with the Nanmen historical and cultural blocks, clock towers and other landmarks lack of a holistic relationship, which limits the development of the block. Although the culture of the block is deep, the contemporary people know very little, which leads to the low recognition of the place. In the long run, the culture of the block will be in danger. In addition, residents do not attach importance to the protection of the old house, wanton construction, reconstruction, so that the integrity of the historical landscape has been damaged to a certain extent. This paper adopts the methods of literature, investigation, case study and systematic analysis, taking the historical and cultural district of Xi'an Sanxue Street as the object, based on the perspective of urban design dimension, mainly from the following aspects: first, The concept, elements, types and functions of historical and cultural blocks are deeply analyzed, and the relevant theories of various dimensions of urban design are explained. Secondly, the development and evolution of historical and cultural blocks in Sanxue Street from Sui and Tang dynasties to the present era are analyzed. Sum up the characteristics of the block in different periods; then, through field research, based on the shape dimension, visual dimension, cognitive dimension, functional dimension to analyze the historical and cultural district of Sanxue Street. It summarizes many problems in urban development, and then selects the historic and cultural district of Furong Street-Baihuazhou, Chengdu Kuannarrow Lane and three lanes and Seven lanes of Fuzhou from north to south according to the regional characteristics, through the interpretation of the case. Finally, combined with the methods of urban design dimension, it analyzes the problems existing in Sanxue Street historical and cultural district from the aspects of space form, visual effect, site cognition, function renewal and so on. Using the experience of the case for reference, this paper optimizes the historical and cultural district of Sanxue Street, and puts forward appropriate protection and development strategies. Through the above analysis, the principles of protection and renewal of historical and cultural blocks are put forward, including the principle of historical authenticity, the principle of hierarchical protection, the principle of gradual renewal, the principle of time suitability and the principle of public participation, based on these principles, Through the perspective of urban design dimension, this paper puts forward the strategy of protecting and renewing the historic and cultural blocks, which mainly controls the public space of the blocks from the form dimension, and promotes the overall style and features of the blocks from the visual dimension. From the cognitive dimension to strengthen the image of the block, from the functional dimension to improve the overall quality of the block.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.114

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