预应力塔式起重机双吊点起重臂的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 19:11

【摘要】：在各式建筑机械当中,以塔式起重机居多,其在各大领域都有所普及应用。近年来,平头塔机的市场占有率逐渐增大,常见的有QTZ63,QTZ80,QTZ100,QTZ125等型号塔机,在此型号范围内,平头塔机性能优良,相比较于其他塔机优势明显。但现如今,随着建筑工业化的发展,大型塔机越来越多的进入到人们的眼中,而平头塔机在大型设备中,其劣势就明显的显现出来,为此,本文基于QTZ125平头塔机,研究并设计了一种新型的双吊点预应力塔机,其在可靠性以及起升性能方面都有所改善。本文的主要工作有以下几点:对当今各种类塔式起重机的优势与劣势归纳分析,主要分析了平头塔式起重机作为最快速发展的一种塔机机型所存在的不足,提出了一种增加拉杆系,施加预应力,以达到降低起重臂自身重量,或直接提升塔机起重性能的方法,对预应力的理论原理及施加方式进行了详细的研究。在塔帽式以及125平头塔机的基础上,针对这一塔机的局部金属结构,加以改良,设计了一种新型的预应力双吊点塔机起重臂,对预应力双吊点塔式起重机平衡臂以及起重臂的金属结构部分进行传统理论力学计算。研究有限单元法的基本知识,对预应力双吊点塔机和125平头塔机进行ANSYS建模,在同一工况下,对双吊点预应力塔机和125平头塔机进行静力分析,并比较两种塔机的起重臂最大应力值和变形量,立足于性能的层面,就前一塔机的可靠程度以及先进性进行检验。最后,依据ANSYS软件对该预应力双吊点塔机模型的拉杆系进行优化处理,得出了拉杆系中撑杆的长度、角度及起重臂拉杆的吊点位置等一组最优方案,并再次与优化前的双吊点预应力塔机及125平头塔机做了静力分析及相关对比。
[Abstract]:Among all kinds of construction machinery, tower crane is the most widely used in various fields. In recent years, the market share of flat head tower crane has gradually increased. The common tower cranes such as QTZ63 / QTZ80 / QTZ100 / QTZ125 have excellent performance compared with other tower cranes. But nowadays, with the development of construction industrialization, large tower cranes are coming into people's eyes more and more, and the disadvantages of flat tower cranes appear obviously in large equipment. Therefore, this paper is based on QTZ125 flat tower cranes. A new type of double-point prestressed tower crane is studied and designed. Its reliability and lifting performance are improved. The main work of this paper is as follows: the advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of tower cranes are summarized and analyzed, and the shortcomings of flat-head tower cranes as one of the most rapidly developing tower cranes are analyzed. This paper presents a method of increasing the tension bar system and applying prestressing force to reduce the weight of the lifting arm or directly lift the crane's lifting performance. The theoretical principle and the application mode of the prestressing force are studied in detail. Based on the tower cap type and 125 flat head tower crane, a new type of prestressed double crane lifting arm is designed for the local metal structure of the tower crane. The traditional theoretical mechanical calculation of the balance arm and the metal structure part of the cantilever of the prestressed double-point tower crane is carried out. The basic knowledge of the finite element method is studied, and the ANSYS modeling of the prestressed double-point tower crane and the 125-flat head tower crane is carried out. Under the same working condition, the static analysis of the double-hoisting point prestressed tower crane and the 125-flat head tower crane is carried out. The maximum stress and deformation of the two tower cranes are compared, and the reliability and advanced nature of the former tower crane are tested based on the performance level. Finally, according to the ANSYS software, the paper optimizes the strut system of the model of the prestressed double-point tower crane, and obtains a group of optimal schemes such as the length, angle of the strut and the position of the lifting point of the pull rod. The static analysis and correlation comparison are made with the double point prestressed tower crane and 125 flat head tower crane before optimization.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH213.3

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