初中语文前置性作业设计研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 19:29

本文关键词：初中语文前置性作业设计研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：科技和时代的发展注定未来的社会是学习型社会,学生在学习型社会中生存的首要条件就是掌握自主学习的方法,具备终身学习的能力。新一轮基础课程改革积极提倡自主、合作、探究的学习方式,强调以学生为主体,以培养学生的终身发展能力为出发点和落脚点。因此,在语文教学过程中培养具有终身自主学习能力的创新型人才迫在眉睫。而课堂教学作为初中语文教学的主阵地,如何提高课堂教学效率一直是众多专家学者和一线教师重点关注的问题。笔者经过思考,认为前置性作业是提高语文课堂教学效率,培养学生自主学习能力以及养成终身学习习惯的有效途径。本论文所研究的前置性作业这一概念,最初是在生本教育理念下发现并提出的,可以看成是学生自主学习的开始,是实现学生自主学习的重要途径,是学生进行课堂合作探究的保障。这是因为学生在完成前置性作业过程中能够对文本产生初步的理解,提出自己的疑问和思考,在学生的头脑中产生自己的“前见”和“前理解”,而这些“前见”和“前理解”既是课前学生自主获得的,也是学生积极参与课堂讨论和有效探究的基础必备条件。前置性作业的合理设计无论是对于教师还是学生都有着重要的意义,然而笔者查阅相关文献资料发现目前对于前置性作业的系统研究较少,而对语文前置性作业的研究则更少,散见于各种小型的期刊杂志,较为零散,可见语文前置性作业并未得到高度重视。本研究正是基于前置性作业在初中语文教学过程中未得到充分重视和肯定的现实需要,从而对前置性作业进行系统的研究,以明确教师应如何设计和运用前置性作业才能使课堂教学效率有所提高,学生如何合理使用前置性作业才能提高课堂学习效率以及培养其自主学习的能力,养成自主学习的习惯。本论文共分为四个部分。首先阐述了研究的背景、意义和研究方法,并对国内外关于前置性作业的相关文献资料进行梳理综述,在此基础上笔者尝试对前置性作业进行概念界定,并将其与我们所熟知的预习、导学案以及翻转课堂中的微视频等进行比较研究,辩证看待几个概念的联系和区别,而后阐明支撑前置性作业的相关理论研究,包括郭思乐的生本教育思想、维果茨基最近发展区理论以及建构主义学习观等。其次,笔者结合初中语文学科的基本特点以及初中学生的身心特点和思维方式编制访谈提纲和调查问卷,对当前初中语文前置性作业设计中取得的成效和存在的问题进行现状分析。再次,笔者根据前置性作业设计中存在的问题,从总体上提出了前置性作业设计的目的与应遵循的原则。最后,前置性作业设计是否合理,最终要落实到语文课堂教学的实践过程中。笔者在这一部分将给出相应的设计策略,并辅之具体的教学案例,来阐释如何实现前置性作业与语文课堂教学的有效对接。
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology and the future is destined to the learning society in the future. The primary condition for students to survive in a learning society is to master the way of independent learning and have the ability of lifelong learning. The new round of basic curriculum reform actively advocates independent, cooperative and inquiry learning. It emphasizes students as the main body and fostering the lifelong development ability of students as the starting point and foothold. Therefore, it is imminent to cultivate innovative talents with the ability of lifelong learning in the course of language teaching. As the main position of the junior middle school language teaching, how to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching has always been the focus of many experts and scholars and teachers. The author thinks that pre job is an effective way to improve the efficiency of Chinese classroom teaching, cultivate students' autonomous learning ability and develop lifelong learning habits. The concept of prepositional homework is originally discovered and put forward under the concept of student based education. It can be seen as the beginning of students' autonomous learning, an important way to achieve students' autonomous learning, and a guarantee for students to explore classroom cooperation. This is because the students are able to produce a preliminary understanding of the text in the completion of pre operation process, ask questions and think about their own, have their own "Prejudice" and "pre understanding" in the minds of the students, and these "Prejudice" and "pre understanding" is not only the students before class is obtained, the students actively participate in class discussions and effective on the basis of necessary conditions. Reasonable design of pre operation for both teachers and students are of great significance, however, the relevant literature review found that the current system of pre operation for less, and the research of Chinese pre operation is less, small scattered in various journals are scattered, pre operation is not visible in Chinese get attention. This study is based on the pre operation did not get enough attention and affirmation of the reality in the junior middle school language teaching process, and the systematic study of pre operation, in order to make clear how teachers should design and use of pre operation to make the classroom teaching efficiency has been improved, the students how to make rational use of pre operation to improve classroom learning the efficiency and cultivate their independent learning ability, cultivate the habit of self-study. This paper is divided into four parts. First describes the background, significance and method of the research, in domestic and abroad about pre operation related literature review, the author attempts to pre operation was defined, and the comparison with the known preview, guiding case and flipping the classroom in micro video and the relationship and difference between the dialectical view of several concepts, then clarify the related theoretical research support pre operation, including his student Vygotsky Guo the education thought, the zone of proximal development theory and constructivist learning theory etc.. Secondly, based on the basic characteristics of junior middle school's Chinese subjects and the physical and mental characteristics of junior middle school students and their way of thinking, the author compiled interviews outline and questionnaire to analyze the current achievements and problems in the design of prepositional homework in junior high schools. Thirdly, according to the problems existing in the prepositional work design, the author puts forward the aim and principles of the prepositional work design. Finally, the prepositional work design is reasonable, and finally it should be implemented in the practice process of Chinese classroom teaching. In this part, the author will give the corresponding design strategy, and assist with specific teaching cases to explain how to achieve effective docking between pre job and Chinese classroom teaching.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.3

【参考文献】