我国基础教育中精英教育的反思与重建

发布时间：2018-04-12 13:05

本文选题：基础教育 + 精英教育　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,我国基础教育正陷入社会学意义冒进、心理学和伦理学意义衰微的古典精英主义教育之中。其是将基础教育阶段的儿童塑造为在未来处于利益和权力结构顶层的上层身份的教育价值取向、制度安排和行为选择,精英阶层试图通过教育形成父代和子代的封闭循环,平民阶层试图借助教育打破父代社会底层的窠臼,追求占据社会高地位和自我狭隘利益享受的社会学意义上的精英身份。古典精英主义基础教育的产生源自重点校制度的确立、教育投入的差异化和儒家精英文化的选择性背离。其典型样式是素质教育的异化和以应试与就业为教育目的。筛选功能占据强势地位,限制了其他教育功能的发挥,给不同学生造成心理危机,使品格道德遭受贬抑。长期以来,国家始终在努力整治古典精英主义基础教育的弊疾,但因政策强制力不足和执行不力,实践中相关主体认知偏差和抵触阻滞,终致纠偏成效不佳。党的十八大确立了新时期“大力促进教育公平”和“立德树人”的教育发展方针。近年来,相关部门制定实施的教育新政已在遏制教育不公,促进多元评价等问题上初见成效。高等教育对精英的培养,需要基础教育承担“造血”和“输送”的功能,否则高等精英教育将成“无源之水”。本文重构了现代精英的内涵,阐明被忽略的现代精英的心理学意义与伦理学意义,认为现代精英是兼具优异个性、高尚品格和杰出能力的人才。现代精英教育作为培养现代精英的教育理念和教育过程,应将大众教育作为根基,面向全体学生,正视多元精英的个性差异和社会需求,营造适宜现代精英成长的学校教育环境,并保障竞争公平,维护职业尊严和职业平等。
[Abstract]:At present, the basic education of our country is falling into the classical elitist education of sociological significance, psychology and ethics.It is to portray the children in the basic education stage as the educational value orientation, the system arrangement and the behavior choice of the upper status at the top of the benefit and power structure in the future. The elite class tries to form the closed cycle of the father and the child through education.The common class tries to break the stereotype of the bottom of the father-generation society with the aid of education, and pursue the sociological elite status of occupying a high social status and enjoying the narrow interests of oneself.The basic education of classical elitist comes from the establishment of key school system, the difference of educational input and the selective deviation of Confucian elite culture.Its typical pattern is the dissimilation of quality education and the aim of education with examination-oriented and employment-oriented.The function of screening occupies a strong position, limits the exertion of other educational functions, causes psychological crisis to different students, and makes character and morality suffer derogation.For a long time, the country has been trying to rectify the disadvantages of classical elitist basic education, but due to the lack of policy enforcement and poor implementation, the cognitive bias and resistance of the relevant subjects in practice is not good.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the educational development policy of "vigorously promoting the educational fairness" and "establishing virtue and cultivating people" in the new period.In recent years, the new educational policies formulated and implemented by relevant departments have achieved initial results in containing educational injustice and promoting pluralistic evaluation.Higher education needs basic education to carry out the functions of "hematopoiesis" and "transportation", otherwise, higher elite education will become "water without a source".This paper reconstructs the connotation of the modern elite, clarifies the psychological and ethical significance of the neglected modern elite, and holds that the modern elite is a talented person with both outstanding personality, noble character and outstanding ability.Modern elite education, as the educational concept and process of cultivating modern elite, should take mass education as the foundation, face all students and face up to the differences of personality and social needs of the pluralistic elite.To create a school education environment suitable for the growth of the modern elite, to ensure fair competition and to maintain professional dignity and equality.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G639.2

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