初中非正式群体的现状及管理策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 13:02

本文选题：初中生 + 非正式群体　；参考：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：学校班级中正式群体与非正式群体共同构成了班级人际关系的基础。非正式群体一旦形成便客观存在于班级正式群体中,是影响班级和谐发展及个体健康成长的重要因素。首先,非正式群体对校风、班风的建设以及教育教学质量的提高有重要的影响;其次它在初中生社会化过程中扮演着重要角色,它影响着初中生的价值观、人生观、行为习惯、学习态度和为人处世的方式等。如何正确认识、行之有效的引导非正式群体健康稳定的发展是教育工作者尤其是班主任进行班级管理时要面对的重要课题。本文选取新疆石河子市S中八(1)班37名学生作为实地调查研究的对象,采用莫里诺的社会测量法,探明非正式群体在班级中的存在情况以及非正式群体成员的相互交往模式和人际交往状况。研究中还使用访谈法和观察法来深度了解非正式群体的现状,对非正式群体的特点、类型、影响及形成原因等做了深度的剖析。研究结果显示非正式群体存在以下两个方面的问题。群体方面:1.非正式群体和正式群体易产生冲突影响班级团结;2.非正式群体内凝聚力强弱化班级凝聚力。个体方面:1.非正式群体成员重情义行为缺少理性指导;2.非正式群体成员地位不平等影响心理健康。在此基础上以初中非正式群体和群体中个体的健康发展为目的,分别从群体和个体这两个不同的维度提出行之有效的管理对策。群体方面:1.正确认识非正式群体;2.强化正式群体的内聚力利用非正式群体来巩固正式群体;3.创设情境开展丰富多彩的活动增强集体荣誉感。个体方面:1.非正式群体中核心人物的管理策略,首先对核心人物积极引导向正式群体靠拢;其次要鼓励核心人物发挥自身的优势特长;最后,让核心人物在班级中发挥“鲶鱼效应”。2.非正式群体中的一般个体的管理策略,首先,利用核心人物的影响力,带动个体发展;其次,合理调整班级的座位排序;最后,鼓励学生健康交往,淡化群体观念。以往研究中往往关注非正式群体中群体本身和群体中的核心人物,较少关注非正式群体中一般个体的发展问题,本研究通过新疆石河子市S中非正式群体现状的调查与分析,从群体和群体中的个体发展角度出发分析存在的问题并提出行之有效的解决方法,以期为班级管理提供有效的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:Formal and informal groups form the basis of class interpersonal relationship.Once the informal group is formed, it exists objectively in the class formal group, which is an important factor that affects the harmonious development of the class and the healthy growth of the individual.First of all, informal groups play an important role in the socialization of junior high school students, which affects the values, outlook on life, behavior habits of junior high school students, which has an important impact on the construction of school spirit, class style and the quality of education and teaching, and second, it plays an important role in the socialization process of junior high school students.Learning attitude and the way of dealing with people, etc.How to correctly understand and effectively guide the healthy and stable development of informal groups is an important subject that educators, especially class teachers, have to face when carrying out class management.In this paper, 37 students of S Middle School No. 1) in Shihezi City, Xinjiang, are selected as the objects of field investigation, and Morino's social measurement method is used.To find out the existence of informal group in class and the interaction mode and interpersonal status of informal group members.In the study, interview and observation are used to deeply understand the current situation of informal group, and the characteristics, types, influence and formation reasons of informal group are deeply analyzed.The results show that there are two problems in informal groups.On the group side: 1.Informal groups and formal groups are prone to conflict affecting class unity. 2.Cohesion in informal groups weakens class cohesion.The individual aspect is 1: 1.Lack of rational guidance on affective behavior of informal group members.Unequal membership of informal groups affects mental health.On this basis, aiming at the healthy development of individuals in informal groups and groups in junior high schools, effective management countermeasures are put forward from the two different dimensions of group and individual.On the group side: 1.A correct understanding of informal groups.Strengthen the cohesion of formal groups and use informal groups to consolidate formal groups.Create situations to develop rich and colorful activities to enhance the sense of collective honor.The individual aspect is 1: 1.In the informal group, the management strategy of the core character, first of all, to guide the core person to the formal group actively; secondly, to encourage the core person to give play to their own advantages and strong points; finally, to let the core character play the "catfish effect" .2. in the class.The general individual management strategy in the informal group, first, use the influence of the key characters to promote the individual development; secondly, adjust the class seat ranking rationally; finally, encourage the students to communicate healthily and desalinate the group concept.Previous studies often focus on the informal group itself and the core characters of the group, and less on the development of the general individual in the informal group. This study is based on the investigation and analysis of the status quo of the informal group in Shihezi, Xinjiang, through the investigation and analysis of the status quo of the informal group.This paper analyzes the existing problems from the angle of individual development in groups and groups and puts forward effective solutions in order to provide effective reference and reference for class management.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G635.1

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