高一学生对数函数学习障碍及其成因的调查研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 09:32

本文选题：高一学生 + 对数函数　；参考：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：函数是高中生数学学习的重点内容,对数函数作为基本初等函数之一,学生对它的学习和掌握就显得尤为重要。由于函数本身就具有抽象性和符号性的特点,再加上对数函数是学生高中阶段接触的一类新的函数,对数概念较为抽象,对数符号不容易理解,对数运算也不像之前学过的运算那样具体,学生对它的学习和掌握存在一定的障碍。本文主要通过问卷调查法,对高一学生对数函数学习过程中存在的障碍进行分析,得出高一学生在对数函数学习过程中存在的障碍,具体分为以下几个方面：情感障碍,概念理解障碍,运算障碍,图象与性质应用障碍。在此基础上,本研究对上述障碍的成因进行了分析,得出以下结论：(1)学生对对数函数存在畏难情绪,学习兴趣不浓厚,解题时缺少耐心和信心,没有养成良好的学习习惯等因素,形成了情感障碍。(2)学生思维的肤浅性导致学生对对数概念理解不深刻,不能理解对数符号的意义,这些因素导致了概念理解障碍的形成。(3)不能理解性的掌握和记忆公式,计算能力不强等因素,是学生形成运算障碍的原因。(4)没有理解和掌握数学思想方法,对图象和性质记忆不牢靠等因素,是学生图象与性质应用障碍形成的原因。结合对数函数的特点和教学实际,本研究有针对性的提出了克服对数函数学习障碍的对策：培养学习兴趣,改良学习习惯,克服情感障碍；深化概念教学,加强思维训练,克服概念理解障碍；注重公式推导,提高计算能力,克服运算障碍；重视数学思想方法的渗透,克服图象与性质应用障碍。
[Abstract]:Function is the key content of high school students' mathematics study. As one of the basic elementary functions, it is very important for students to learn and master it. Since the function itself has the characteristics of abstraction and symbolism, plus the logarithmic function is a new kind of function that students come into contact with in high school, the concept of logarithm is abstract, and the logarithmic symbol is not easy to understand. Logarithmic operations are not as specific as previous operations, and students have some obstacles to their learning and mastery. This article mainly through the questionnaire investigation method, carries on the analysis to the high school student logarithmic function study process existence barrier, obtains the high school student in the logarithmic function study process existence barrier, specifically divides into the following several aspects: the affective barrier, On this basis, this study analyzes the causes of the above obstacles, and draws the following conclusions: (1) students are afraid of the logarithmic function, lack interest in learning, and lack patience and confidence in solving problems. The lack of good study habits and other factors resulted in emotional obstacles. (2) the superficial nature of students' thinking resulted in the students' understanding of logarithmic concepts was not profound, and they could not understand the meaning of logarithmic symbols. Some factors, such as poor memory of images and properties, are the causes of students' difficulties in the application of images and properties. Combined with the characteristics of logarithmic function and teaching practice, this study puts forward some countermeasures to overcome the obstacles of logarithmic function learning: cultivating learning interest, improving learning habits, overcoming affective obstacles, deepening concept teaching and strengthening thinking training. In order to overcome the obstacle of concept understanding, to improve the calculation ability and to overcome the operational obstacle, to overcome the difficulty of image and property application, we should pay more attention to the penetration of mathematical thought and method.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

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