我国高考招生制度的发展历程与改革路径分析
发布时间：2018-07-29 16:47
【摘要】：考试制度作为一种选拔人才的方式,一直备受人们广泛关注。考试制度自设立以来,其发展和改革都伴随着考试制度始终存在,它正是在不断的发展和改革中逐渐完善的。高考是全国乃至全世界普遍关注的一个重大的课题。我国曾在1952年建立全国统一高等学校招生制度,但在1965年被废除,在1977年重新恢复高考,恢复高考改变了数千万人的命运,也挽救了整个中国。高考制度从成立开始发展到今天,广大公众对它的关注程度越来越高,人们对高考制度的看法各异,声讨之声也越来越大。早期,我国考试制度经历了漫长曲折的发展历程,教育本身存在的问题以及教育之外的复杂因素,都对我国的考试制度有着深远的影响。1977年在中国是一个历史性的转折点,恢复高考,不仅是一个国家和一个时代的拐点,更是许多人的人生拐点。但是现阶段的高考制度依然存在着诸多的问题和争论,在高考制度的发展过程中,这些问题和争论仍需要我们去探讨和解决。如今,高考的改革和如何改革已经成为全世界社会各界的共识,国外每个国家在高考制度上都有许多相同和不同的地方,如果能找出他们的各自特点,并且发现国外高考制度的优点,对于我国高考制度的改革是有必要的。改革开放以来我国基本上采取的是统一招生考试制度,但是在考试模式等方面的发展上存在一系列考试制度的改革。本文以我国高考制度的发展历程以及高考制度如今面临的问题为出发点,通过国内外高考制度的差异分析,研究分析了我国现行的高考招生制度、高考制度改革的改革路径及走向。除绪论外,本文的主体内容由两部分组成,第一部分是第一章至第三章的内容,本部分首先以1977年为分界线,对恢复高考前后我国高考制度的发展历程进行研究,通过问卷调查研究我国高考招生的现状,然后对比分析了国内外高考制度,从而得出启示。第二部分是第四章和第五章的内容,本部分通过对我国现有的高考制度存在的问题及公平性进行分析,探讨我国高考制度的改革路径以及改革发展的走向。通过研究分析,本研究认为高考制度的改革路径有：对招生计划体制的改革,对考试模式的改革等几个方面,并分析高考招生制度可以沿着法制化和多元化等这些方向进行改革,力求使我国高考制度朝着专业化、科学化、民主化、国际化的方向发展。
[Abstract]:As a way of selecting talents, the examination system has been widely concerned by people all the time. Since the establishment of the examination system, its development and reform have always been accompanied by the examination system, which is gradually improved in the continuous development and reform. College entrance examination is a major issue that the whole country and even the whole world pay close attention to. China established the national unified enrollment system in 1952, but was abolished in 1965 and resumed the college entrance examination in 1977. The restoration of the college entrance examination changed the fate of tens of millions of people, but also saved the whole of China. The college entrance examination system has been developed from the beginning of its establishment to today, the public pay more and more attention to it, people have different views on the college entrance examination system, and the voice of denunciation is also growing. In the early years, the examination system of our country experienced a long and tortuous course of development. The problems existing in education itself and the complicated factors outside education had a profound influence on the examination system of our country. 1977 was a historic turning point in China. The restoration of college entrance examination is not only the turning point of a country and an era, but also the inflection point of many people's life. However, there are still many problems and arguments in the current college entrance examination system. In the course of the development of the college entrance examination system, these problems and debates still need to be discussed and solved. Nowadays, the reform of the college entrance examination and how to reform it have become the consensus of all walks of life in the world. Every foreign country has many identical and different places in the system of the college entrance examination. If we can find out their own characteristics, And found that the advantages of the foreign college entrance examination system is necessary for the reform of the national college entrance examination system. Since the reform and opening up, China has basically adopted the unified enrollment examination system, but there are a series of examination system reforms in the development of examination mode and so on. Based on the development of the college entrance examination system in China and the problems that the college entrance examination system is facing today, this paper studies and analyzes the current enrollment system of the college entrance examination through the analysis of the differences between the national and foreign college entrance examination systems. The reform path and trend of college entrance examination system reform. In addition to the introduction, the main content of this paper consists of two parts. The first part is the content of the first chapter to the third chapter. Firstly, this part takes 1977 as the dividing line to study the development of the college entrance examination system before and after the restoration of the college entrance examination. The present situation of college entrance examination in our country is studied by questionnaire, and then the system of college entrance examination at home and abroad is compared and analyzed. The second part is the content of the fourth and fifth chapters. This part analyzes the existing problems and fairness of the college entrance examination system in our country, and probes into the reform path and the development trend of the college entrance examination system in our country. Through the research and analysis, this study thinks that the reform path of the college entrance examination system includes the reform of the enrollment planning system, the reform of the examination mode, and so on. The author also analyzes that the college entrance examination system can be reformed in the direction of legalization and diversification, in order to make the college entrance examination system of our country develop in the direction of specialization, science, democratization and internationalization.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G632.474
本文编号：2153341
[Abstract]:As a way of selecting talents, the examination system has been widely concerned by people all the time. Since the establishment of the examination system, its development and reform have always been accompanied by the examination system, which is gradually improved in the continuous development and reform. College entrance examination is a major issue that the whole country and even the whole world pay close attention to. China established the national unified enrollment system in 1952, but was abolished in 1965 and resumed the college entrance examination in 1977. The restoration of the college entrance examination changed the fate of tens of millions of people, but also saved the whole of China. The college entrance examination system has been developed from the beginning of its establishment to today, the public pay more and more attention to it, people have different views on the college entrance examination system, and the voice of denunciation is also growing. In the early years, the examination system of our country experienced a long and tortuous course of development. The problems existing in education itself and the complicated factors outside education had a profound influence on the examination system of our country. 1977 was a historic turning point in China. The restoration of college entrance examination is not only the turning point of a country and an era, but also the inflection point of many people's life. However, there are still many problems and arguments in the current college entrance examination system. In the course of the development of the college entrance examination system, these problems and debates still need to be discussed and solved. Nowadays, the reform of the college entrance examination and how to reform it have become the consensus of all walks of life in the world. Every foreign country has many identical and different places in the system of the college entrance examination. If we can find out their own characteristics, And found that the advantages of the foreign college entrance examination system is necessary for the reform of the national college entrance examination system. Since the reform and opening up, China has basically adopted the unified enrollment examination system, but there are a series of examination system reforms in the development of examination mode and so on. Based on the development of the college entrance examination system in China and the problems that the college entrance examination system is facing today, this paper studies and analyzes the current enrollment system of the college entrance examination through the analysis of the differences between the national and foreign college entrance examination systems. The reform path and trend of college entrance examination system reform. In addition to the introduction, the main content of this paper consists of two parts. The first part is the content of the first chapter to the third chapter. Firstly, this part takes 1977 as the dividing line to study the development of the college entrance examination system before and after the restoration of the college entrance examination. The present situation of college entrance examination in our country is studied by questionnaire, and then the system of college entrance examination at home and abroad is compared and analyzed. The second part is the content of the fourth and fifth chapters. This part analyzes the existing problems and fairness of the college entrance examination system in our country, and probes into the reform path and the development trend of the college entrance examination system in our country. Through the research and analysis, this study thinks that the reform path of the college entrance examination system includes the reform of the enrollment planning system, the reform of the examination mode, and so on. The author also analyzes that the college entrance examination system can be reformed in the direction of legalization and diversification, in order to make the college entrance examination system of our country develop in the direction of specialization, science, democratization and internationalization.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G632.474
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李水山;美国、法国、日本的高考制度及改革动向[J];基础教育参考;2005年06期
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 王海龙;我国高考招生录取模式创新研究[D];天津大学;2010年
2 王彬;我国高考制度改革的价值取向研究[D];上海师范大学;2013年
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