先行组织者教学策略在高中数学教学中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 08:04

【摘要】：高中新课程改革强调数学学习的过程性,要求在数学学习的过程中抓住数学的本质。但是面对高考的压力,目前高中数学教学中依然存在很大的问题,教师主导性强,学生理解数学知识困难,缺乏数学逻辑思维。很多教师忽视了在给学生传授知识的过程中学生本身的认知结构,同时也不注重知识间的联系和帮助学生建立数学知识结构系统。本文的研究是在奥苏贝尔的有意义接受学习理论、建构主义理论、学习迁移理论、加涅的信息加工理论的基础上,将先行组织者教学策略应用在高中数学中进行研究,并针对先行组织者在教学中存在普遍性的问题,进行教学实践。因此,作者主要是对Joyce的先行组织者模式进行研究,并在他的先行组织者模式的基础上,增加详细的步骤,如教材的分析、学生前科学知识的了解等,试图给出适用的、具有普遍性的教学策略。同时将先行组织者教学策略应用于圆锥曲线的教学中,从高中数学内容、高中学生认知等方面进行分析,确定先行组织者教学策略在高中数学中的可行性。并在对先行组织者模式进行分析的基础上,给出在高中数学教学中应用先行组织者教学策略的具体步骤,以及要解决的具体问题。在教学应用方面,实践中主要采取对照班与实验班,同时给出了一节的教学设计案例,详细地分析了在具体应用方面各个环节的设置。最后对先行组织者教学策略应用的效果,并且采取了及时测试与延时测试,通过这两个测试,分析先行组织者教学策略对学生学习的促进作用和记忆的保持效果；通过调查问卷了解先行组织者教学策略对学生各方面的促进效果；通过课堂和访谈,可以真实的感受到先行组织者教学策略带给课堂氛围的改变、学生对数学兴趣的改变。作者对研究的结果进行反思,虽然在应用方面还存在一定不足之处,但是不可否认先行组织者教学策略在很大程度上促进了学生的学习兴趣和对知识的理解,提高了课堂教学的活跃度。
[Abstract]:The reform of the new curriculum in senior high school emphasizes the process of mathematics learning and requires grasping the essence of mathematics in the process of mathematics learning. However, in the face of the pressure of college entrance examination, there are still many problems in mathematics teaching in senior high school. Teachers are dominant, students have difficulty in understanding mathematics knowledge and lack of logical thinking in mathematics. Many teachers ignore the cognitive structure of students in the process of imparting knowledge to students, and at the same time, they do not pay attention to the relationship between knowledge and help students to establish mathematical knowledge structure system. On the basis of Ausubel's meaningful receptive learning theory, constructivism theory, learning transfer theory and Gagne's information processing theory, this paper applies the teaching strategy of the leading organizer to high school mathematics. Aiming at the universal problem of the leading organizer in teaching, the teaching practice is carried out. Therefore, the author mainly studies the advance organizer mode of Joyce, and on the basis of his leading organizer model, adds detailed steps, such as the analysis of teaching materials, the understanding of students' pre-scientific knowledge, and tries to give some applicable ones. A general teaching strategy. At the same time, the teaching strategy of the leading organizer is applied to the teaching of conic curve, and the feasibility of the teaching strategy of the leading organizer in senior high school mathematics is determined by analyzing the content of mathematics in senior high school and the cognition of senior high school students. Based on the analysis of the model of the leading organizer, the concrete steps of applying the teaching strategy of the leading organizer in the mathematics teaching of senior high school and the concrete problems to be solved are given. In the aspect of teaching application, the control class and the experimental class are adopted in practice. At the same time, a section of the teaching design case is given, and the setting of each link in the concrete application is analyzed in detail. Finally, the effect of the application of the teaching strategy of the advance organizer is analyzed, and the timely test and the delay test are adopted. Through these two tests, the promoting effect of the teaching strategy of the leading organizer on the students' learning and the effect of keeping the memory are analyzed. Through the questionnaire to understand the advance organizer teaching strategy to promote students in all aspects; through the classroom and interviews, we can really feel the change of the classroom atmosphere brought by the leading organizer teaching strategy, the change of students' interest in mathematics. The author reflects on the results of the study. Although there are still some shortcomings in the application, it is undeniable that the teaching strategy of the leading organizer has greatly promoted the students' interest in learning and understanding of knowledge. It improves the activity of classroom teaching.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

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