物理教学培养科学素养的教学策略研究
发布时间：2018-09-14 13:54
【摘要】：在国际竞争越来越激烈的今天,公民的科学素养已经成为影响国家综合国力的重要因素之一。与发达国家相比,我国青少年学生乃至公民整体的科学素养水平都比较低,这种现状已经严重地影响到我国在世界中的综合竞争力。针对这一问题,本文立足于中学物理教学培养学生科学素养的优势,探索如何采取有效的教学策略来培养和提高青少年学生的科学素养。本论文共分为5个部分。第一部分绪论,阐述了本论文选题的缘由,针对国内外科学素养及培养科学素养的相关文献进行搜集和整理,分析了物理教学培养科学素养的研究历史与现状,在此基础上论述了本论文研究的目的、意义以及研究的思路、方法和主要内容。第二部分对科学素养的相关理论进行研究,分析并论述了科学素养的内涵、结构、特点以及培养科学素养的意义。第三部分研究了中学物理教学培养学生科学素养的优势,从中学物理知识、中学物理学习过程以及新课程理念下的中学物理教学过程三个方面,研究了中学物理教学对于形成学生科学素养的具体优势。第四部分研究了中学物理教学培养学生科学素养的教学策略。笔者结合科学素养的相关理论、中学物理教学培养学生科学素养的具体优势,提出了以下五个具体可操作的培养学生科学素养的教学策略：教学策略一：重视中学物理实验教学,由于中学物理实验是促进学生形成良好科学素养的重要途径,本文分别研究了提高物理演示实验、学生物理分组实验以及物理课外实验活动的有效性来提高学生的科学素养；教学策略二：教学中有效渗透物理学史有关内容,物理学史有关内容蕴含了丰富的科学知识、方法以及一些科学的人文精神,对于促进学生形成良好的科学素养具有重要意义,本文从提高教师的史学素养以及创新物理学史的渗透思路两个方面来研究如何有效渗透物理学史来提高学生的科学素养；教学策略三：加强中学物理科学探究活动,科学探究对学生科学素养的形成至关重要,通过抓住物理科学探究活动的关键以及提高物理科学探究活动的有效性来实现全面培养学生的科学素养；教学策略四：改革中学物理习题教学,使物理习题教学成为学生主动学习的过程,让“生活”走进中学物理习题教学,努力在中学物理习题教学中培养和提高学生的科学素养；教学策略五：开展物理科普活动,把握物理科普活动的目的,通过课内外有效的物理科普活动,促进学生科学素养的形成。第五部分是研究的总结与展望,阐述了本研究的成果、创新之处以及有待进一步研究的问题,为今后的研究指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the international competition is more and more intense, the citizen's scientific accomplishment has become one of the important factors that influence the national comprehensive national strength. Compared with the developed countries, the level of scientific literacy of young students and even citizens in China is relatively low, which has seriously affected the comprehensive competitiveness of our country in the world. Aiming at this problem, this paper bases on the advantage of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school, and explores how to adopt effective teaching strategies to cultivate and improve the scientific literacy of young students. This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which explains the reason of this thesis, collects and arranges the related documents of scientific literacy and the cultivation of scientific literacy at home and abroad, and analyzes the history and present situation of the research on cultivating scientific literacy in physics teaching. On this basis, the purpose, significance, train of thought, method and main content of this paper are discussed. In the second part, the related theories of scientific literacy are studied, and the connotation, structure, characteristics and significance of cultivating scientific literacy are analyzed and discussed. The third part studies the advantages of middle school physics teaching in cultivating students' scientific literacy, from three aspects: middle school physics knowledge, middle school physics learning process and middle school physics teaching process under the new curriculum concept. This paper studies the specific advantages of physics teaching in middle school for the formation of students' scientific literacy. The fourth part studies the teaching strategy of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school. Combining with the relevant theories of scientific literacy, the author has the specific advantages of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle schools. This paper puts forward the following five practical teaching strategies for cultivating students' scientific literacy: teaching strategy one: attaching importance to the teaching of physics experiments in middle schools, because physics experiments in middle schools are an important way to promote students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to improve students' scientific literacy by improving the effectiveness of physics demonstration experiment, physics grouping experiment and physics extracurricular experiment activities. The contents of the history of physics contain abundant scientific knowledge, methods and some scientific humanistic spirit, which are of great significance to promote the students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to effectively infiltrate physics history to improve students' scientific literacy from two aspects of improving teachers' historical literacy and innovating the permeating thinking of physics history. Scientific inquiry is of great importance to the formation of students' scientific literacy. By grasping the key of physical scientific inquiry and improving the effectiveness of physical scientific inquiry, we can fully cultivate students' scientific literacy. Teaching strategy four: reform the middle school physics exercise teaching, make the physics exercise teaching become the students' active study process, let "life" into the middle school physics exercise teaching, try hard to cultivate and improve the students' scientific accomplishment in the middle school physics exercise teaching; Teaching strategy five: to develop physics science popularization activities, grasp the purpose of physics science popularization activities, and promote the formation of students' scientific literacy through effective physics science popularization activities in and out of class. The fifth part is the summary and prospect of the research, and expounds the achievements, innovations and problems to be further studied, pointing out the direction for the future research.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
本文编号：2242900
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the international competition is more and more intense, the citizen's scientific accomplishment has become one of the important factors that influence the national comprehensive national strength. Compared with the developed countries, the level of scientific literacy of young students and even citizens in China is relatively low, which has seriously affected the comprehensive competitiveness of our country in the world. Aiming at this problem, this paper bases on the advantage of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school, and explores how to adopt effective teaching strategies to cultivate and improve the scientific literacy of young students. This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which explains the reason of this thesis, collects and arranges the related documents of scientific literacy and the cultivation of scientific literacy at home and abroad, and analyzes the history and present situation of the research on cultivating scientific literacy in physics teaching. On this basis, the purpose, significance, train of thought, method and main content of this paper are discussed. In the second part, the related theories of scientific literacy are studied, and the connotation, structure, characteristics and significance of cultivating scientific literacy are analyzed and discussed. The third part studies the advantages of middle school physics teaching in cultivating students' scientific literacy, from three aspects: middle school physics knowledge, middle school physics learning process and middle school physics teaching process under the new curriculum concept. This paper studies the specific advantages of physics teaching in middle school for the formation of students' scientific literacy. The fourth part studies the teaching strategy of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school. Combining with the relevant theories of scientific literacy, the author has the specific advantages of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle schools. This paper puts forward the following five practical teaching strategies for cultivating students' scientific literacy: teaching strategy one: attaching importance to the teaching of physics experiments in middle schools, because physics experiments in middle schools are an important way to promote students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to improve students' scientific literacy by improving the effectiveness of physics demonstration experiment, physics grouping experiment and physics extracurricular experiment activities. The contents of the history of physics contain abundant scientific knowledge, methods and some scientific humanistic spirit, which are of great significance to promote the students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to effectively infiltrate physics history to improve students' scientific literacy from two aspects of improving teachers' historical literacy and innovating the permeating thinking of physics history. Scientific inquiry is of great importance to the formation of students' scientific literacy. By grasping the key of physical scientific inquiry and improving the effectiveness of physical scientific inquiry, we can fully cultivate students' scientific literacy. Teaching strategy four: reform the middle school physics exercise teaching, make the physics exercise teaching become the students' active study process, let "life" into the middle school physics exercise teaching, try hard to cultivate and improve the students' scientific accomplishment in the middle school physics exercise teaching; Teaching strategy five: to develop physics science popularization activities, grasp the purpose of physics science popularization activities, and promote the formation of students' scientific literacy through effective physics science popularization activities in and out of class. The fifth part is the summary and prospect of the research, and expounds the achievements, innovations and problems to be further studied, pointing out the direction for the future research.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 郭春景;;谈物理教学中物理学史教育对学生科学素质的培养[J];焦作大学学报;2008年01期
2 包金花;;论科学技术与经济增长的关系[J];内蒙古统计;2008年05期
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