我国“高考移民”的问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-04 03:21

【摘要】：高考作为我国高等院校选拔人才的重要方式,一直以来其公平性都备受关注。然而近些年来,“高考移民”现象的出现严重扰乱了高考秩序,损害了高考公平,同时也引发了对高考制度改革以及高考的公平性的思考。我国教育公平的问题由来已久,无论是从高考招生制度、高考户籍制度以及教育资源的配置上来说,都存在着很大的问题,使教育公平无法保障。“高考移民”现象的出现一方面是移民考生对我国教育不公平的反抗,另一方面又阻碍了我国教育公平的实现。因此,针对“高考移民”现象进行研究,不仅可以对我国的高考制度改革提出意见和建议,这一问题的解决还能从根本上促进我国教育公平的实现。本文在教育公平理论的基础上,通过文献综述法和实证分析法对“高考移民”问题进行了分析与研究。首先,本文对高考移民的定义进行陈述,通过对37位“高考移民”进行访谈与资料收集相结合的方法,对高考移民的现状、类型、流入区域、移民方式以及成本等方面对“高考移民”进行了分析与总结;其次,通过对“高考移民”概况的分析,将“高考移民”产生的原因大致归纳为:各个省市高考录取分数线与录取率客观上存在差距,高等教育资源分布严重不均,基础教育发展差距过大,高校招生制度存在着很大的缺陷,高考户籍制度以及户籍政策的不合理以及我国社会各方面对学历的过度重视。再次,本文对我国目前已经出台的治理“高考移民”问题的相关政策进行了分析并提出相关建议。最后,根据“高考移民”产生的原因,笔者在解决“高考移民”这一问题上提出了以下建议:改变“一考定终身”的考试形式,逐步均衡各个地区之间的高等教育入学机会,完善我国高校的自主招生制度,均衡高等教育资源的配置差别的对待各个地区的基础教育,使之均衡发展;改革高考户籍制度,实现户籍与学籍相分离,建立终身教育体系,弱化高考的作用。
[Abstract]:As an important way to select talents in colleges and universities in China, the fairness of college entrance examination has always attracted much attention. However, in recent years, the emergence of the phenomenon of "college entrance examination immigrants" has seriously disturbed the order of the college entrance examination, damaged the fairness of the college entrance examination, and also triggered thinking about the reform of the college entrance examination system and the fairness of the college entrance examination. The problem of educational equity in our country has a long history, whether from the college entrance examination enrollment system, the college entrance examination household registration system and the allocation of educational resources, there are great problems, so that educational fairness can not be guaranteed. On the one hand, the phenomenon of "college entrance examination immigrants" is the resistance of migrant candidates to the unfair education of our country, on the other hand, it hinders the realization of educational fairness in our country. Therefore, the study of the phenomenon of "college entrance examination immigrants" can not only put forward some suggestions and suggestions on the reform of the college entrance examination system in our country, but also fundamentally promote the realization of educational fairness in our country. Based on the theory of educational fairness, this paper analyzes and studies the problem of college entrance examination immigrants through literature review and empirical analysis. First of all, this paper states the definition of college entrance examination immigrants, through the combination of interviews and data collection of 37 "college entrance examination immigrants", the current situation, types and inflow areas of college entrance examination immigrants. This paper analyzes and summarizes the "college entrance examination immigrants" from the aspects of immigration mode and cost. Secondly, through the analysis of the general situation of "college entrance examination immigrants", the causes of "college entrance examination immigrants" are summarized as follows: there is an objective gap between the admission score line and the admission rate of college entrance examination in various provinces and cities, and the distribution of higher education resources is seriously uneven. The gap between the development of basic education is too large, there are great defects in the enrollment system of colleges and universities, the household registration system of college entrance examination and the policy of household registration are unreasonable, and all aspects of our society attach too much importance to academic qualifications. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the relevant policies to deal with the problem of college entrance examination immigrants in China and puts forward some relevant suggestions. Finally, according to the reasons for the emergence of "college entrance examination immigrants", the author puts forward the following suggestions on solving the problem of "college entrance examination immigrants": changing the examination form of "one exam for life" and gradually balancing the opportunities for higher education admission among various regions. Improve the independent enrollment system of colleges and universities in our country, balance the allocation of higher education resources to treat the basic education in various regions, so as to make it develop in a balanced manner. Reform the household registration system of college entrance examination, realize the separation of household registration and student registration, establish a lifelong education system, and weaken the role of college entrance examination.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G639.2

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