对外汉语教学《初级汉字表》研制

发布时间：2018-02-03 01:30

本文关键词： 对外汉语教学汉字等级大纲初级汉字表　出处：《北京语言大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 对外汉语教学现在是,将来也一直会继续是中华民族的一项伟大事业。如何全面地、有效地开展这项事业,是值得从事对外汉语教学和教学研究的教师以及学者们努力探讨的一个重要问题。在对外汉语教学的各方面研究中,对外汉语教学大纲的制定是一项非常重要的工作,这将直接影响到教材的编写、辞书的编撰和教学测试。目前,对外汉语教学界最重要的一个大纲是《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》,它是中国国家汉语国际推广领导小组办公室(以下简称“汉办”)1992年发布的,在对外汉语教学领域发挥了巨大的指导作用。但是随着对外汉语教学要求的不断提高,《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》的不足也逐渐体现出来,近年来,汉语字词的定量分析取得了诸多成果,如:《绿皮书》(《中国语言生活状况报告》)的公布,这些研究成果使得《汉语水平词汇与汉字大纲》的进一步完善成为可能。本文在总结对外汉语教学界有关《汉语水平词汇与汉字大纲》研究的基础上,介绍了研制《初级汉字表》的科学依据及其字目选取的标准,并且详尽描述了研制过程中的每一个具体步骤。《初级汉字表》适用于对外汉语教学“初级阶段”,即四年制对外汉语专业一年级或与此相当的非学历汉语教学阶段。《初级汉字表》是笔者在分析对比现有各类字表的基础上,结合对外汉语教学的实践经验,并进行适当的联想添加而成的。《初级汉字表》共选用了950个常用汉字。笔者认为如果初级阶段的学习者能认识这950个汉字,就能满足基本的阅读和日常生活需要,并为进一步学习汉语字词奠定良好的基础。本文还从语义的角度分析了《初级汉字表》的收字情况,结果表明《初级汉字表》的字目构成可以基本满足初级阶段教学用字的需要。另外,为了检验《初级汉字表》字量的合理性,笔者还针对初级阶段的汉语学习者进行了识字量调查,调查结果显示《初级汉字表》的字量是基本合理的。文章的最后附有在选字过程的不同阶段所得出的字表,以及实验部分的调查问卷,以供读者对本文的结论进行检验,同时也可以为汉字教学和教材的编写提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is and will continue to be a great cause of the Chinese nation. Is worth engaging in teaching and teaching research as a foreign language teachers and scholars to explore an important issue in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in all aspects of research. It is a very important task to formulate the syllabus of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, which will directly affect the compilation of textbooks, the compilation of dictionaries and the teaching tests. At present, the most important outline of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters. It was issued on 1992 by the Office of the National leading Group for the International Promotion of Chinese language (hereinafter referred to as "Hanban"). It has played a great guiding role in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. However, with the continuous improvement of the requirements of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the deficiencies of the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters have been gradually reflected in recent years. The quantitative analysis of Chinese words has made many achievements, such as the publication of the Green Book (report on Chinese language living conditions). These results make it possible to improve the outline of Chinese Vocabulary and Chinese characters. On the basis of summing up the research on the outline of Chinese Vocabulary and Chinese characters in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign language, this paper introduces the scientific basis for the development of the Primary Chinese character Table and the criteria for the selection of Chinese characters. Each concrete step in the process of development is described in detail. The "Primary Chinese character Table" is applicable to the "primary stage" of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. That is, the first year of four-year Chinese as a foreign language major or the equivalent stage of non-academic Chinese teaching. The "Primary Chinese character Table" is based on the analysis and comparison of the existing various word tables, combined with the practical experience of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. A total of 950 commonly used Chinese characters were selected. The author thinks that if the learners in the primary stage can recognize the 950 Chinese characters. It can meet the basic needs of reading and daily life and lay a good foundation for further learning Chinese characters. The results show that the composition of the primary Chinese character table can basically meet the needs of the primary stage of teaching characters. In addition, in order to test the rationality of the number of characters in the "primary Chinese character table". The author also conducted a literacy survey for Chinese learners in the primary stage, and the results showed that the number of characters in the Primary Chinese character Table was basically reasonable. At the end of the article, a list of words obtained in different stages of the word selection process, as well as a questionnaire in the experimental part, are attached for readers to test the conclusions of this paper. At the same time, it can also provide a certain reference for the teaching of Chinese characters and the compilation of textbooks.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H195

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