字本位理论在对外汉语词汇教学中作用的研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 07:23

本文关键词： 字本位汉语词汇对外汉语教材对外汉语教师　出处：《新疆师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长期以来，主张强调语法的意义和功能的词本位理论被学者们作为汉语语法体系的基础而处在非常重要的位置,而作为汉语教学的重点和难点的汉字教学却没有得到应有的重视。汉字和词语的关系并不是割裂的，他们之间因其语素的连接而具有密切的关系。而由于汉字的关键性地位，如果我们没有对汉字教学进行足够的重视，那么学者汉字观念的整体缺乏将严重影响其词汇学习效率并将给以后的汉语学习过程造成阻碍。因此，研究字本位在对外汉语词汇中的教学具有重要重要而深远的意义。本论文在广泛和大量的对国内外学者关于字本位理论研究的历史背景和发展过程进行综合和梳理的基础上，结合作者自己的观点对整个字本位理论在对外汉语词汇教学中的现状进行了总体的概述和评价。寻找字本位教学的理论基础并深入探讨汉字教学在词汇教学乃至整个对外汉语教学中的重要地位，对当前字本位教学的现状有了一个合理的估计和概括。在此基础上，设计了以中亚留学生为研究对象的关于字本位在对外汉语词汇教学中的研究实验。在认真确定实验对象、思路、内容和方法的基础上，，针对来疆的中亚留学生班级的汉语教学进行了大胆的调整，进行了较长时间的观察、记录和分析，在将实验结果进行总结以后，进一步证明了汉字教学在对外汉语词汇教学中的举足轻重的地位，较为完整的补充了字本位理论在对外汉语词汇教学中实践层面的内容。经过上述理论分析和实验结论形成关于字本位理论在对外汉语教学的应用的合理化的建议，主要包括对编写对外汉语教材的启发和对对外汉语教师教学的启发两个方面。在教材编写方面，应遵循有理性原则、适用于学习者的原则等原则。对对外汉语教师的建议包括教学时应针对学生水平的不同，及时调整教学方法；充分利用复现率，提高学生记忆的效率以及把字义理解作为学生词义理解的延伸点等几个方面。特别是针对汉字自身的数量大、结构复杂以及数量众多的特点，如何设计出符合学生自身的认知理论的特点和当前对外汉语教学发展方向的较为全面而详尽的对外汉语教材是重中之重。当然，鉴于作者自身水平有限，这些建议是否能够很好的应用还要经过实践的验证和历史的检验
[Abstract]:For a long time, the word-based theory, which emphasizes the meaning and function of grammar, has been placed in a very important position by scholars as the foundation of Chinese grammar system. However, the teaching of Chinese characters, which is the key and difficult point of Chinese language teaching, has not received due attention. The relationship between Chinese characters and words is not separated, but they are closely related to each other because of the connection of their morpheme. However, because of the key position of Chinese characters, If we do not pay enough attention to the teaching of Chinese characters, then the overall lack of scholars' concept of Chinese characters will seriously affect their vocabulary learning efficiency and will hinder the process of learning Chinese in the future. The study of word-based teaching in Chinese as a foreign language is of great significance. This thesis is based on the extensive and extensive research on the historical background and development process of Chinese and foreign scholars' research on word-based theory. Combined with the author's own viewpoint, this paper gives a general overview and evaluation of the present situation of the whole word-based theory in the teaching of vocabulary as a foreign language. It seeks for the theoretical basis of word-based teaching and probes deeply into the role of Chinese character teaching in vocabulary teaching and even in the teaching of Chinese characters. The important position in the whole teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, This paper gives a reasonable estimate and summary of the present situation of word-based teaching. On the basis of this, the author designs a research experiment on word-based teaching of Chinese as a foreign language with the students of Central Asia as the object of study. On the basis of ideas, contents and methods, this paper makes a bold adjustment to the Chinese teaching in the classes of foreign students from Central Asia to Xinjiang, and makes a long period of observation, recording and analysis. After summarizing the experimental results, It further proves that the teaching of Chinese characters plays an important role in the teaching of Chinese vocabulary as a foreign language, and complements the content of the theory of character standard in the practical level of vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the above theoretical analysis and experimental conclusions, it is proposed to rationalize the application of word-based theory in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. It mainly includes two aspects: inspiration for compiling Chinese as a foreign language textbook and inspiration for teaching Chinese as a foreign language teacher. The principles applicable to learners. The suggestions for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language include adjusting the teaching methods in time according to the students' different levels, making full use of the repetition rate, Improving the efficiency of students' memory and taking the meaning understanding as the extension point of the students' understanding of word meaning, especially in view of the large quantity, complex structure and numerous quantity of Chinese characters, How to design a comprehensive and detailed teaching material that accords with the characteristics of the students' cognitive theory and the development direction of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is the most important. Of course, in view of the author's limited level, Whether these suggestions can be applied well is verified by practice and history.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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