对外汉语初级综合教材“着”字句型选编研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 02:06

本文选题：初级综合教材 + “着”　；参考：《北京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为现代汉语中一个使用频率高、用法复杂的助词，“着”在教与学这两个方面都存在许多有待解决的问题，本文旨在前人研究成果的基础上综合研究分析对外汉语初级综合教材语言点“着”的选择与编写，由于利用句型教学具有可操作性，因此本文具体探讨的是在对外汉语初级综合教材中，应该如何选择“着”字句型以及如何对它们进行展示、解释：首先，本文通过考察已有大纲、现行教材和前人文献，得出五个“着”字目标句型，然后再对本族人语料和留学生语料中各个目标句型的使用情况进行考察与分析，最终得出结论：在对外汉语初级综合教材中，应该作为语言点出现的“着”字句型是：“NL+V+着+NP”、“V+着（+NP）+VP”、“NP_1+V+着+NP_2”和“NP（+…）+V+着”这四个句型。其次，对初级综合教材“着”字句型的编写进行理论探讨，即探讨“着”字句型的编写依据，包括编写理论、编写原则和编写方法。接着，具体探讨如何在教材中编写“着”字句型，限于篇幅和时间等因素，本文以“V+着（+NP）+VP”句型的编写为例展开讨论：通过对留学生语料进行考察，，总结了不同水平留学生在使用“V+着（+NP）+VP”句型时容易发生的偏误情况，然后带着问题考察了本族人语料中“V+着（+NP）+VP”句型的结构、语义、动作类型、动作情状、“着”的隐匿条件及该句型与“一边VP_1，一边VP_2”的区别，据此得出关于“V+着（+NP）+VP”的基本意义和用法的重要结论。最后，我们针对现行教材选编“着”字句型时在句型、语法和例句编写上的不足之处，提出了以下建议：句型上，应全面覆盖四种“着”字句型，并选择“V+着+NP+VP”次结构；语法上，应介绍“V+着（+NP）+VP”的基本意义，补充介绍其使用规则，并增加其与“一边VP_1一边VP_2”句型的辨析；例句上，应加强实用性和典型性。
[Abstract]:As an auxiliary word with high frequency and complicated usage in modern Chinese, there are many problems to be solved in both teaching and learning. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the choice and compilation of the language point "Zhe" on the basis of the previous research results, because of the maneuverability of the use of sentence patterns in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Therefore, this paper specifically discusses how to choose the sentence pattern of "Zhe" in the primary comprehensive textbook of Chinese as a foreign language, and how to display it and explain it. First of all, by reviewing the existing syllabus, current teaching materials and previous literatures, this paper draws five target sentence patterns, and then investigates and analyzes the use of each target sentence pattern in the native corpus and the foreign students' corpus. Finally, it is concluded that in the teaching materials of Chinese as a second language, the sentence patterns of "Zhe" which should appear as language points are: "NLV is NP", "V is (NP) VP", "NP_1 V is NP_2" and "NPV"; V. these four sentence patterns. Secondly, the author makes a theoretical discussion on the compilation of the sentence pattern of "zhuo" in the primary comprehensive textbook, that is, the basis for the writing of the sentence pattern, including the writing theory, the compiling principles and the writing methods. Then, the author discusses how to write the sentence pattern of "Zhe" in the textbook, which is limited to space and time and so on. This paper takes the writing of "V-Zhe (NP) VP" sentence pattern as an example to discuss: through the investigation of the corpus of foreign students; This paper summarizes the errors that occur easily in the use of "V-Zhe (NP) VP" sentence pattern by foreign students at different levels, and then, with questions, examines the structure, semantics, action types, and action patterns of "V-Zhe (NP) VP" sentence patterns in the corpus of their own people. The concealment condition of "Zhe" and the difference between this sentence pattern and "V _ P _ T _ 1 on one side and VP_2 on the other" are discussed, and the important conclusions about the basic meaning and usage of "V" are drawn. Finally, in view of the deficiency in sentence structure, grammar and sample sentence writing of the selected and edited "Zhe" word sentence pattern, we put forward the following suggestions: in sentence structure, we should cover four kinds of "Zhe" sentence patterns in an all-round way. In grammar, we should introduce the basic meaning of "V Zhe (NP) VP", introduce the rules of its use, and increase its differentiation from the sentence pattern of "one side VP_1 one side VP_2". Practicability and typicality should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【参考文献】