家庭情境下的汉语恭维答语语用实证研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 10:25

本文选题：恭维语应答 + 策略　；参考：《中国石油大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来,作为一种语言现象,许多学者从不同的角度、不同的文化背景对恭维语进行了一系列研究,但很少有学者关注汉语语境下的恭维语及恭维答语的研究,并且极大多数只是孤立地研究它,并没有涉及具体的语境。恭维语是如此有趣的语言现象,它包含着社会准则和文化价值。此外,伴随中国社会在经济、文化、观念等领域的深刻变革,汉语中传统的语言使用模式也在发生并将适应这种变化。而家庭作为社会的一个基本单元,是社会文化的载体,中国家庭成员之间特有的亲疏关系使得恭维答语的内容更加丰富。因此这篇论文将以言语行为理论、礼貌原则、亲疏关系理论以及顺应性理论为基础,研究汉语家庭情景下父母和孩子之间的恭维答语的现象。本文提出了五个研究问题: a.汉语恭维语应答总体趋势如何? b.在家庭成员中男性与女性的恭维语应答有何差异? c.父母中不同年龄群体的恭维语应答有何差异?孩子中不同年龄群体的恭维语应答有何差异? d.父母组和孩子组的恭维应答有何差异?e.不同教育背景的父母的恭维语应答有何差异?本次调查通过三种方式搜集资料,进而从社会语言学与语用学的角度进行定性讨论。他们分别是从电视情景剧《家有儿女》中搜集的资料,访谈和自然观察得到的资料。研究结果表明:当前汉语恭维语应答策略总体分布与传统模式不同,恭维语应答策略的分布在不同性别、年龄、教育群体间存在系统变异:a.汉语恭维语应答中的接受多于拒绝,显性接受是首选策略;b.母亲和女儿比父亲和儿子更倾向于显性接受,而父亲和儿子更倾向于显性否定和回避;c.父母组年龄越小越倾向于显性接受,年龄越大越倾向于显性拒绝和回避;孩子组都倾向于接受策略,年龄越小越倾向于显性策略,年龄越大越倾向于隐性策略;d.孩子组的接受性策略远高于父母组,父母组的拒绝性策略高于孩子组;e.教育程度越高越倾向于隐性接受,而且受教育程度越低,越倾向于使用显性拒绝和回避策略。本次研究有助于跨文化交流,对对外汉语教学也有一定参考价值。本文共分为七部分。引言部分,主要介绍了研究背景、目的和意义。第一章回顾了有关恭维语和恭维应答的相关研究;第二章介绍了相关的理论知识;第三章介绍的本次的研究方法包括研究的设计及数据的收集;第四章是研究结果,包括恭维语应答与年龄与性别和受教育程度三个变量之间的关系;第五章从语用学和社会语言学的角度讨论这一研究的结果;最后是结论部分。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as a linguistic phenomenon, many scholars have carried out a series of researches on compliments from different perspectives and different cultural backgrounds. However, few scholars have paid attention to the study of compliments and compliments in the context of Chinese. And the vast majority only study it in isolation, and does not involve the specific context. Compliment is such an interesting language phenomenon that it contains social norms and cultural values. In addition, with the profound changes of Chinese society in the fields of economy, culture, concept and so on, the traditional mode of language use in Chinese is also taking place and will adapt to this change. As a basic unit of society, family is the carrier of social culture. Therefore, based on speech act theory, politeness principle, affinity theory and adaptation theory, this paper will study the phenomenon of compliment between parents and children in Chinese family situations. This paper puts forward five research questions: A. What is the general trend of compliment response in Chinese? What is the difference between male and female compliment responses in family members? What are the differences in compliment responses among parents of different age groups? What are the differences in compliment responses among different age groups in children? d. What is the difference in compliment responses between parents and children. What are the differences in compliment responses between parents from different educational backgrounds? This survey collected data in three ways, and then discussed qualitatively from sociolinguistics and pragmatics. They were collected from TV sitcom Family with Children, interviews and nature observations. The results show that the general distribution of Chinese compliment response strategies is different from the traditional pattern, and the response strategies are distributed in different gender, age and educational groups. In Chinese compliment response, acceptance is more than rejection, and explicit acceptance is the preferred strategy. Mother and daughter are more inclined to overt acceptance than father and son, while father and son are more inclined to overtly negate and avoid C. The younger the parents, the more dominant acceptance, the older the age, the more dominant rejection and avoidance; the younger the children are, the more dominant the dominant strategies, the older the implicit strategies. The acceptance strategies of the children group were much higher than those of the parents group, and the rejection strategies of the parents group were higher than those of the children group. The higher the level of education, the more inclined to implicit acceptance, and the lower the level of education, the more inclined to use explicit rejection and avoidance strategies. This study is helpful to cross-cultural communication and has some reference value for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper is divided into seven parts. Introduction, mainly introduces the research background, purpose and significance. The first chapter reviews the relevant studies on compliment and compliment response; the second chapter introduces the relevant theoretical knowledge; the third chapter introduces the research methods including the design of the study and data collection; the fourth chapter is the results of the study. The fifth chapter discusses the results of this study from the perspective of pragmatics and sociolinguistics.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H13

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