对外汉语初级综合课汉字教学研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 17:19

本文选题：对外汉语 + 汉字教学　；参考：《西南民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉字教学作为对外汉语教学的重要组成部分应该被给予足够的正视和重视。对外汉字教学在整个汉语作为第二语言教学中一直处于从属地位,汉字教学和学习者汉字的学习也相对滞后。鉴于现今对外汉字教学实践的情况,要在对外汉语教学中全面推行独立汉字课具有一定的难度,因而我们提倡从初级阶段起在综合课的框架下开展一种相对独立的汉字教学活动。作为对外汉语教学体系内的一个分支,汉字教学也有其独立体系、内在教学规律和教学内容。构建相对独立的汉字教学体系要考虑以汉字知识和汉字量为核心的汉字教学内容的选编、汉字知识的呈现方式、汉字练习形式等方面。本文主要分为五个部分。第一部分是对面向对外汉字教学的汉字本体研究情况进行一定概述,并阐释了本文研究的意义和主要研究方法。第二部分是考查汉字本身的属性及其各个组成要素之间的关系,进一步思考怎样利用汉字本身的性质和特点,结合汉字习得和教学的相关规律来探讨汉字教学内容的选编问题。第三部分着重对比分析了不同编写类型的几种对外汉语教材中的汉字教学部分,目的在于掌握现有综合课教材、独立汉字教材以及海外汉语教材中汉字教学内容的选编情况,为探讨综合课框架下相对独立的初级汉字教学内容提供参考。第四部分是基于中介语语料库对留学生汉字学习的情况做统计分析,分别考察了汉字字音、结构类型、部件数、笔画数与学习者运用汉字的错误率之间的关系,进而阐释界定汉字偏误的一些观点。考虑到不同汉字要素对学习者学习汉字的影响,以赋值的方式估算不同要素对学习难度的影响程度,尝试构建一个汉字学习的难度系数等级标准。对汉字个体学习难度的测评结果主要用于指导教材中汉字教学内容的选编和辅助教师教学。第五部分以教材对比分析和语料库统计分析结果为基础,对初级阶段附属于综合课的汉字教学的字量和汉字知识的选编提出一些建议,主要集中在教材中汉字定量、知识点的呈现方式和练习题型设计几个方面。最后总结了本文研究的成果、分析了不足之处,并对可能的后续研究的方向给予说明。
[Abstract]:As an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, Chinese character teaching should be paid enough attention to. The teaching of Chinese characters as a foreign language has always been in a subordinate position in the whole teaching of Chinese as a second language, and the teaching of Chinese characters and the learning of Chinese characters by learners have lagged behind. In view of the current practice of teaching Chinese characters to foreign countries, it is difficult to carry out independent Chinese character courses in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Therefore, we advocate a relatively independent Chinese character teaching activity in the framework of comprehensive courses from the primary stage. As a branch of Chinese as a foreign language teaching system, Chinese character teaching also has its own system, internal teaching rules and teaching content. To construct a relatively independent Chinese character teaching system, we should consider the selection of Chinese character teaching content, the presentation of Chinese character knowledge, the form of Chinese character practice and so on. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part summarizes the research situation of Chinese characters Noumenon which is oriented to foreign Chinese character teaching, and explains the significance and main research methods of this paper. The second part is to examine the attributes of Chinese characters and the relationship between their constituent elements, and to further consider how to use the nature and characteristics of Chinese characters, and combine the relevant laws of Chinese character acquisition and teaching to discuss how to select and compile the teaching contents of Chinese characters. The third part focuses on the comparison and analysis of the Chinese character teaching part of several kinds of Chinese as a foreign language textbook, the purpose of which is to master the existing comprehensive course material, the independent Chinese character teaching material and the Chinese character teaching content in the overseas Chinese teaching material. It provides a reference for the discussion of the relatively independent primary Chinese character teaching content under the framework of comprehensive curriculum. In the fourth part, based on the interlanguage corpus, the author makes a statistical analysis on the learning of Chinese characters of foreign students, and examines the relationship between the number of characters, the types of structure, the number of components, the number of strokes and the error rate of the learners in the use of Chinese characters. Then explains the definition of Chinese character bias some views. Taking into account the influence of different elements of Chinese characters on learners' learning of Chinese characters, the degree of influence of different elements on learning difficulty is estimated by means of assignment, and a criterion of degree of difficulty coefficient of Chinese character learning is constructed. The evaluation results of individual learning difficulty of Chinese characters are mainly used to guide the selection and compilation of teaching contents of Chinese characters in textbooks and to assist teachers in teaching. The fifth part, based on the results of comparative analysis of teaching materials and statistical analysis of corpus, puts forward some suggestions on the selection and compilation of Chinese character quantity and knowledge of Chinese character teaching attached to the comprehensive course in the primary stage, mainly focusing on the quantitative analysis of Chinese characters in textbooks. The presentation of knowledge points and exercises design several aspects. Finally, this paper summarizes the results of this study, analyzes the shortcomings, and gives an explanation of the possible future research direction.
【学位授予单位】：西南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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