现代汉语祈使类言语行为动词研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:50

本文选题：现代汉语祈使类言语行为动词 + 句法　；参考：《江苏师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语祈使类言语行为动词为研究对象,系统考察其在句法、语义、语用、对外汉语教学等方面的特点。首先,本文从言语行为理论的角度对现代汉语祈使类言语行为动词进行定义,并取以语义视角,对《现代汉语词典》(第六版)、《汉语动词用法词典》中的动词进行筛选,最终确定了89个祈使类言语行为动词作为本文的研究对象。并且,主要从动词所在的显性施为句实施的行为和动词所支配的必有语义成分的数量两大角度对祈使类言语行为动词进行分类。其次,本文对祈使类言语行为动词的句法特征进行了描写,主要就祈使类言语行为动词作为动词的主要语法功能和做主语、宾语、定语的次要语法功能进行分析,并且对各类祈使类言语行为动词的句式分布进行了探讨。通过这种分析与描写,进一步证明了祈使类言语行为动词的句法分布与其语义属性有着密切关系,动词的句式选择和带宾语的情况要受动词语义属性的制约。再次,以认知语言学的原型范畴理论为依据,构建了祈使类言语行为动词同义词群的辐射型的模式关系图,旨在指导留学生通过图中的原型词而对整个词群有所了解。同时,还谈到祈使类言语行为动词对施事、受事、与事的语义选择限制机制。然后,在语用层面,祈使类言语行为动词和祈使言语行为之间有一定的对应关系,但不是一一对应的。同时,还考察了祈使类言语行为动词在交际主体强调交际意图、明确祈使语力、交际主体的社会距离较远、场合比较正式这几种情况下出现的可能性更大一些,频率也高一些。另外,论述了祈使类言语行为动词触发的预设情况以及语篇功能。最后,在对祈使类言语行为动词本体研究和相关汉语词汇等级大纲、HSK动态作文语料库的统计结果的基础上,总结了留学生使用祈使类言语行为动词产生偏误的类型及其成因,结合现有的教学原则和方法具体阐释了祈使类言语行为动词的对外汉语教学的方法。
[Abstract]:This paper takes imperative speech act verbs in modern Chinese as the research object, and systematically studies its features in syntax, semantics, pragmatics, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, etc. First of all, from the perspective of speech act theory, this paper defines imperative speech act verbs in modern Chinese, and selects the verbs in the Modern Chinese Dictionary (sixth edition, Chinese verb usage Dictionary) from a semantic perspective. Finally, 89 imperative speech act verbs are chosen as the object of this thesis. Moreover, it classifies imperative speech act verbs from the following two aspects: the behavior of the explicit sentence in which the verb is applied and the number of necessary semantic elements controlled by the verb. Secondly, this paper describes the syntactic features of imperative speech act verbs, mainly analyzes the main grammatical functions of imperative speech act verbs as verbs and their secondary grammatical functions as subjects, objects and attributives. It also discusses the sentence pattern distribution of all kinds of imperative speech act verbs. Through this analysis and description, it is further proved that the syntactic distribution of imperative speech act verbs is closely related to their semantic properties, and the choice of verbs' sentence patterns and the situation with objects are restricted by the semantic attributes of verbs. Thirdly, on the basis of the prototype category theory of cognitive linguistics, this paper constructs a pattern diagram of the radiative pattern of the synonym group of imperative speech act verbs, in order to guide foreign students to understand the whole word group through the prototype words in the map. At the same time, the semantic choice restriction mechanism of imperative speech act verb to agent, patient, and matter is also discussed. Then, at the pragmatic level, there is a certain correspondence between imperative speech act verbs and imperative speech acts, but not one-to-one correspondence. At the same time, the author also examines that imperative speech act verbs are more likely and more frequent to appear under the circumstances of communicative subject emphasizing communicative intention, defining imperative effect, social distance of communicative subject and formal situation. In addition, the presupposition and textual function of imperative speech act verb trigger are discussed. Finally, on the basis of the research on the Noumenon of imperative speech Act verbs and the statistical results of HSK dynamic composition Corpus, this paper summarizes the types and causes of errors in the use of imperative speech act verbs by foreign students. Combined with the existing teaching principles and methods, this paper expounds the teaching methods of imperative speech act verbs as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

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