马来西亚国民中学学生华文名句精华学习难点及对策
发布时间：2018-08-19 07:31
【摘要】： 对外汉语教学的主要目的是培养外国人运用汉语进行交际的能力。可是许多外国人发现他们在花费了很多精力学习,并且掌握了大量的词汇后,却因对中国这样一个特殊的东方国家的文化背景知识的缺失,导致仍然不能顺畅自如地交流,甚至还出现交际双方都不知所云的现象。这不但降低学习者的学习兴趣,还打击了他们学好汉语的信心。因此,对外汉语教学研究不应只注重外国人在语音、语法和词汇上的问题,也应注重因文化因素所带来的学习困难。 有鉴于此,马来西亚政府将其对外汉语学习方向深化至文化教学和语言教学并重并行的重要内容层次。马来西亚教育部于1988年开始把“名句精华”学习项目编入国民中学(国中)华文综合课程纲要。迄今为止,关于马来西亚国民中学华文“名句精华”的研究并不多,尤其是以学生为学习核心的研究更是凤毛麟角。因此,有必要从学生学习的角度对“名句精华”教学进行一番探讨。 本课题首先确立了“名句精华”学习在马来西亚华文教学中的地位,认为它是华文学习的一大重点,是弘扬中华文化的重要窗口和培养跨文化交际能力的重要途径。对所收集到各300份初、高中生及194份教师有关国民中学学生(国中生)“名句精华”学习难题及解决对策的问卷调查,在进行统计分析的基础上,结合相关文献,探讨国中生“名句精华”学习难点、难点形成的原因及解决方法。除此之外,本文也对国中生应用“名句精华”时的偏误进行分析。 本调查结果发现:在“名句精华”学习上,国中生面对的主要难点是对“名句精华”的作者、出处缺乏认识,同时难以理解其中的历史文化和深奥的字词含义。学生还认为,“名句精华”数量过多或过长也造成记忆、背诵及默写的困难。总之,就学生而言,“名句精华”学习障碍主要在于是背景知识与文化认同。此外,就教学安排与教学方法而言,华文课程节数不足,学生缺乏与教师、同学交流的机会,并缺乏“名句精华”的参考资料,也都是重要原因。教师和学生在如何解决“名句精华”学习难题上,看法存在着明显差异,学生选择以教师为主导的解决方法,教师却选择加强学生自学能力的方法。 本文从教材、教师和学生三个角度来探讨如何帮助学生克服学习“名句精华”的困难,使“名句精华”教学取得较好的效果,从而使学生更好地掌握华文,提高华文教学质量。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is to cultivate the ability of foreigners to communicate with Chinese. However, many foreigners find that after they have spent a lot of time studying and mastering a lot of vocabulary, they are still unable to communicate smoothly and freely because of the lack of cultural background knowledge of China, a special oriental country. There is even a phenomenon in which both sides of communication are at a loss. This not only reduces learners' interest in learning, but also undermines their confidence in learning Chinese well. Therefore, the study of teaching Chinese as a foreign language should not only focus on foreigners' phonetic, grammatical and lexical problems, but also on the learning difficulties caused by cultural factors. In view of this, the Malaysian government deepens the direction of learning Chinese as a foreign language to the important content level of parallel culture teaching and language teaching. In 1988, the Ministry of Education of Malaysia began to incorporate the "essence of the famous sentence" into the Chinese language comprehensive curriculum of the National Secondary School. Up to now, there are few researches on the essence of Chinese in Malaysian National Middle School, especially the student-centered study. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the essence of famous sentences from the perspective of students' study. This paper first establishes the position of "the essence of famous sentences" in the Chinese language teaching in Malaysia, which is considered to be a major focus of Chinese language learning, an important window to carry forward Chinese culture and an important way to develop intercultural communicative competence. On the basis of the statistical analysis, the questionnaire survey of 300 junior high school students and 194 teachers about the "quintessence of famous sentences" of the students in the national middle school and the solutions to the problems, based on the statistical analysis, combined with the relevant literature. This paper probes into the difficulties in learning the essence of famous sentences, the reasons for the formation of the difficulties and the solutions to them. In addition, this paper also analyzes the errors in the application of the essence of famous sentences. The results show that the main difficulty in the study of "essence of famous sentences" is the lack of understanding of the origin of the "essence of famous sentences", and the difficulty of understanding the historical culture and the profound meaning of words. The students also believe that too many or too long "quintessence" also makes it difficult to memorize, recite and write tacitly. In a word, as far as students are concerned, the main obstacle to learning is background knowledge and cultural identity. In addition, in terms of teaching arrangements and teaching methods, the insufficient number of sessions in the Chinese language curriculum, the lack of opportunities for students to communicate with teachers and students, and the lack of reference materials for "the essence of famous sentences" are also important reasons. There are obvious differences between teachers and students on how to solve the problem of "the essence of famous sentences". Students choose the teacher-led solution, while teachers choose to strengthen students' self-study ability. From the perspectives of teaching materials, teachers and students, this paper discusses how to help students overcome the difficulties of learning "the essence of famous sentences", so that the teaching of "essence of famous sentences" can achieve better results, so that students can master the Chinese language better and improve the quality of Chinese teaching.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2191078
[Abstract]:The main purpose of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is to cultivate the ability of foreigners to communicate with Chinese. However, many foreigners find that after they have spent a lot of time studying and mastering a lot of vocabulary, they are still unable to communicate smoothly and freely because of the lack of cultural background knowledge of China, a special oriental country. There is even a phenomenon in which both sides of communication are at a loss. This not only reduces learners' interest in learning, but also undermines their confidence in learning Chinese well. Therefore, the study of teaching Chinese as a foreign language should not only focus on foreigners' phonetic, grammatical and lexical problems, but also on the learning difficulties caused by cultural factors. In view of this, the Malaysian government deepens the direction of learning Chinese as a foreign language to the important content level of parallel culture teaching and language teaching. In 1988, the Ministry of Education of Malaysia began to incorporate the "essence of the famous sentence" into the Chinese language comprehensive curriculum of the National Secondary School. Up to now, there are few researches on the essence of Chinese in Malaysian National Middle School, especially the student-centered study. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the essence of famous sentences from the perspective of students' study. This paper first establishes the position of "the essence of famous sentences" in the Chinese language teaching in Malaysia, which is considered to be a major focus of Chinese language learning, an important window to carry forward Chinese culture and an important way to develop intercultural communicative competence. On the basis of the statistical analysis, the questionnaire survey of 300 junior high school students and 194 teachers about the "quintessence of famous sentences" of the students in the national middle school and the solutions to the problems, based on the statistical analysis, combined with the relevant literature. This paper probes into the difficulties in learning the essence of famous sentences, the reasons for the formation of the difficulties and the solutions to them. In addition, this paper also analyzes the errors in the application of the essence of famous sentences. The results show that the main difficulty in the study of "essence of famous sentences" is the lack of understanding of the origin of the "essence of famous sentences", and the difficulty of understanding the historical culture and the profound meaning of words. The students also believe that too many or too long "quintessence" also makes it difficult to memorize, recite and write tacitly. In a word, as far as students are concerned, the main obstacle to learning is background knowledge and cultural identity. In addition, in terms of teaching arrangements and teaching methods, the insufficient number of sessions in the Chinese language curriculum, the lack of opportunities for students to communicate with teachers and students, and the lack of reference materials for "the essence of famous sentences" are also important reasons. There are obvious differences between teachers and students on how to solve the problem of "the essence of famous sentences". Students choose the teacher-led solution, while teachers choose to strengthen students' self-study ability. From the perspectives of teaching materials, teachers and students, this paper discusses how to help students overcome the difficulties of learning "the essence of famous sentences", so that the teaching of "essence of famous sentences" can achieve better results, so that students can master the Chinese language better and improve the quality of Chinese teaching.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H195
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 谭学琳;韩国京畿道地区高中汉语教材练习分析[D];广西师范大学;2013年
，本文编号：2191078
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jiaoyulunwen/duiwaihanyulunwen/2191078.html
