中学对外汉语高级阶段教材评估框架设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 17:09

【摘要】：教材对一门学科的发展至关重要,并且有着非常特殊的作用的,无论是对老师还是对学生来说,教材都能起到一个导向的作用。且在教学内容上,教材也是占据最大比例的,教材的好与坏,对老师的教学效果和学生的学习效果都有非常直接的影响。现在的对外汉语教材各式各样,甚至很杂乱,对于对外汉语的研究虽日益丰富,然而针对中学高级汉语教材进行分析的研究却十分少见,而从使用者的角度去评估现有教材的调查研究就更是难觅踪迹,这就造成了无从选择教材,也无法根据对教材的分析评估来改进教学的现实状况。注意,这里所说的使用者主要是指学习者,但也包括教师。本论文首先对国内外教材评估理论进行阐述,并据此加以分析,在此基础上笔者提出了一个针对中学生的、对外汉语高级阶段教材的完整的评估框架。这个评估框架是笔者通过对教材的使用者,即教师和学生,进行了大量的调查后总结形成的。接着笔者从实证的角度出发,通过教材的使用者对《汉语教程》和《博雅汉语》进行评估,并对结果作了比较和分析。最后,通过对中学对外汉语高级阶段的学习者对教材的需求情况的调查,笔者以此为基础上,得出了如下的结论:教材要考虑到中学生的接受心理,教材的重点难点应该以循序渐进为原则,不可出现跨越太大的现象。针对中学阶段,它虽不同于小学阶段,但这个阶段也同样应当关注学生学习兴趣的激发,而且不能安排过多的语法,否则学生会产生畏难心理。中学阶段的练习应该采用多种形式,以激发学生的学习积极性和主动性。教材需要给学生提供一个可达成的目标,这样学生们的学习才会有动力。针对高级阶段,虽不同于初级、中级阶段,但此阶段也同样不能安排令人枯燥乏味的课文,而且教材内容难易程度的过渡一定要平滑。并且,高级阶段不能只关注于语法和课文的难度,也不能仅关注于词汇量的扩大,必须要让学生掌握实际运用的能力才可以。最后,本文针对学习者对教材的需求进行了调查,提出了有针对性的对策和建议,教材的选用必须具有实用性、针对性、系统性和科学性。本文的创新之处在于,以教材的使用者为评估者,拟定了一个中学对外汉语高级阶段教材评估的标准,希望能给对外汉语教材的后续研究提供一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Teaching materials are very important to the development of a subject and play a very special role, both for teachers and students, textbooks can play a guiding role. In the teaching content, the teaching material also occupies the largest proportion, the good and bad of the textbook have a very direct influence on the teaching effect of the teacher and the study effect of the students. Nowadays, the teaching materials for Chinese as a foreign language are various and even very messy. Although the research on Chinese as a foreign language is increasingly abundant, the research on the analysis of senior Chinese teaching materials in middle schools is very rare. It is even more difficult to find a way to evaluate the existing textbooks from the perspective of users, which makes it impossible to choose textbooks and to improve the actual situation of teaching according to the analysis and evaluation of teaching materials. Note that the users here mainly refer to learners, but also teachers. Based on the analysis of the theory of textbook evaluation at home and abroad, the author puts forward a complete evaluation framework for the advanced stage textbooks of TCFL for middle school students. The evaluation framework is concluded by a large number of surveys on the users of textbooks, that is, teachers and students. Then the author evaluates the Chinese course and Boya Chinese through the users of the textbook, and compares and analyzes the results. Finally, through the investigation of the students' demand for teaching materials at the advanced stage of foreign language in middle schools, the author draws the following conclusions: the textbooks should take the acceptance psychology of middle school students into account. The key and difficult points of teaching materials should be based on the principle of gradual progress. In view of the middle school stage, it is different from the primary school stage, but this stage should also pay attention to the students' interest in learning, and can not arrange too much grammar, otherwise, the students will be afraid of difficulties. In order to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and initiative, the middle school practice should adopt various forms. Textbooks need to provide students with an achievable goal so that they will be motivated to learn. For the advanced stage, although it is different from the primary stage and the intermediate stage, it is also not possible to arrange boring texts in this stage, and the transition of the content of the textbook must be smooth. Moreover, the advanced stage should not only focus on the difficulty of grammar and text, but also on the enlargement of vocabulary. Finally, this paper investigates the learners' demand for teaching materials, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions. The selection of textbooks must be practical, targeted, systematic and scientific. The innovation of this paper is that, taking the users of the textbooks as the evaluators, the author has drawn up a standard for the evaluation of teaching materials in the advanced stage of teaching Chinese as a foreign language in middle schools, hoping to provide some reference value for the follow-up study of the teaching materials as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.3

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