产业人才供给与行业大学发展改革研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 13:36

【摘要】：产业人才指的是行业部门中掌握相关产业技术、经验和管理知识,理解企业的实际需求,具备一定的研发和改进能力,对行业相关政策、产业布局、科技发展的规律与趋势等拥有全局性、前瞻性的观点,可以将自身人力资本转化为企业效益和未来发展动力的人才。产业人才既包括高技能人才,也包括专业技术人才,其培养和供给对我国经济发展、技术进步和产业结构转型具有重要意义。本世纪初以来,我国产业人才供需持续存在不平衡的现象。本文通过文献检索、资料归纳和比较研究等方法,对2001年-2016年间我国产业人才供需状况的相关数据进行了详细分析,发现各行业部门对产业人才的需求量逐年增加,而产业人才的培养质量和供给数量均无法满足上述需求。本文认为这一矛盾的根源主要在于产业人才的供给方,因此采用成本收益分析法对几类传统产业人才供给渠道的人才培养效果进行了研究。结果表明,“干中学”形成产业人才、普通综合性高校以及普通职业技术学校等渠道的产业人才培养效果不佳;企业大学作为企业主导的在职培训和知识服务机构,虽然其产业人才培养效果较好,但设立门槛较高、资金投入巨大,一般中小企业无力承担;传统行业大学及高职院校培养产业人才的成本适中,效果显著,是我国目前主要的产业人才供给渠道,但在发展过程中也出现了一些问题,如传统行业大学去行业化倾向严重、传统行业高职院校与企业的校企合作机制不顺畅等。为了改善产业人才供需不平衡现状,本文着重探究了传统行业大学及高职院校在社会主义市场经济条件下的发展改革路径。与此同时,在吸收传统行业大学及高职院校和企业大学培养产业人才优势的基础上,本文创造性地提出由行业内企业以股份制形式共同投资组建股份制行业大学,并论述了其可行性、有效性与运行模式。研究表明,股份制行业大学在成本投入、企业获益和全行业交流合作等方面具有较高的发展潜力,可作为传统产业人才供给渠道的有益补充。
[Abstract]:Industry talent refers to mastering the relevant industry technology, experience and management knowledge, understanding the actual needs of the enterprise, having certain R & D and improvement ability, industry related policy, industrial layout, The laws and trends of the development of science and technology have a comprehensive and forward-looking view, which can transform their own human capital into enterprises' benefits and the future development of talents. Industrial talents include both highly skilled and professional technical talents. Its cultivation and supply are of great significance to China's economic development, technological progress and industrial structural transformation. Since the beginning of this century, the supply and demand of industrial talents in our country has been unbalanced. By means of literature retrieval, data induction and comparative study, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the relevant data on the supply and demand of industrial talents in China from 2001 to 2016. It is found that the demand for industrial talents in various sectors is increasing year by year. The quality and supply of industrial talents can not meet the above demand. This paper holds that the root of this contradiction lies mainly in the supply side of industrial talents, so this paper studies the effect of talent training in several traditional industrial talent supply channels by cost-benefit analysis method. The results show that "dry middle schools" form industrial talents, general comprehensive colleges and general vocational and technical schools and other channels of industrial talent training effect is not good; Enterprise universities as the enterprise-led on-the-job training and knowledge service institutions, although its industrial talent training effect is better, but the establishment of a higher threshold, huge capital investment, general SMEs can not afford; The cost of cultivating industrial talents in traditional trade universities and vocational colleges is moderate, and the effect is remarkable. It is the main supply channel of industrial talents in China at present. However, there are some problems in the process of development, such as the tendency of deindustrization of traditional vocational universities is serious. The cooperation mechanism between higher vocational colleges and enterprises in traditional industries is not smooth. In order to improve the imbalance between supply and demand of industrial talents, this paper focuses on the development and reform of traditional universities and vocational colleges under the condition of socialist market economy. At the same time, on the basis of absorbing the advantages of traditional industry universities, higher vocational colleges and enterprise universities, this paper creatively proposes that the enterprises in the industry jointly invest in the form of joint-stock system to set up joint-stock industry universities. The feasibility, validity and operation mode are also discussed. The research shows that the joint-stock industry universities have high development potential in the aspects of cost input, enterprise benefit and the exchange and cooperation of the whole industry, which can be used as a useful supplement to the traditional industry talent supply channel.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G649.2;F249.2

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