当代俄罗斯德育问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-31 08:55

【摘要】：苏联解体后，俄罗斯面临着艰难的政治和经济转轨以及前所未有的道德困境和危机，表现为青年价值观的变迁，实用主义、享乐主义、金钱至上替代了过去的劳动、诚实、责任、荣誉、奉献等传统美德，社会病态加剧，反社会现象剧增等，对国家发展、国家安全及国家形象造成了极大的威胁和负面影响，恢复德育体系成为俄罗斯新时期面临的迫切任务之一。世纪之交，俄罗斯开始恢复国家在道德教育领域的责任，从理论和实践两个方面积极探索新时期德育的发展路向。俄罗斯认为，新时期德育应符合俄罗斯文明及俄民族精神内核特点，应依托俄民族传统文化价值和全人类价值，其中东正教等传统宗教的某些伦理价值在当代具有重要的意义。在教育中同时考虑到现代俄罗斯国家发展需要以及社会文化现实，，以学校为主，综合家庭、教会、各类社会组织及文化教育机构的力量，对青少年进行包括爱国主义教育、公民教育、多元文化教育、生态教育、审美教育、劳动教育等主要内容的精神道德教育。新时期俄德育继承和保留了苏联德育的许多优良传统与做法，同时吸取了俄国内外先进的德育经验，具有一系列鲜明的特点，其在应对全球化带来的文化与价值观多元化方面所做的努力与探索，对于同样处于转型时期的中国思想道德教育具有一定的借鉴和启示意义。
[Abstract]:After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia was confronted with a difficult political and economic transition and an unprecedented moral dilemma and crisis, manifested in the changes in youth values, pragmatism, hedonism, and the supremacy of money as a substitute for past labor and honesty. Traditional virtues such as responsibility, honor, dedication, the intensification of social illness and the proliferation of anti-social phenomena have caused great threats and negative effects to national development, national security and the image of the country. The restoration of moral education system has become one of the urgent tasks facing Russia in the new period. At the turn of the century, Russia began to restore the responsibility of the state in the field of moral education, and actively explored the development direction of moral education in the new period from the two aspects of theory and practice. Russia believes that moral education in the new period should accord with the characteristics of Russian civilization and the core of Russian national spirit, and should rely on the values of Russian traditional culture and the value of mankind as a whole. Among them, some ethical values of traditional religions such as Orthodox religion are of great significance in contemporary times. Taking into account the needs of the development of the modern Russian state and the social and cultural realities in education, schools are the mainstay and the forces of the family, the church, various social organizations and cultural and educational institutions are integrated to educate young people, including patriotism, Civic education, multicultural education, ecological education, aesthetic education, labor education and other main content of spiritual and moral education. In the new era, Russian moral education inherits and retains many good traditions and practices of moral education in the Soviet Union, and at the same time draws on the advanced moral education experience at home and abroad of Russia, and has a series of distinctive characteristics. Its efforts and explorations in dealing with the diversification of culture and values brought about by globalization have a certain reference and enlightenment significance for the Chinese ideological and moral education which is also in the transition period.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G41

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