以课程形式的团体辅导对小学高年级社交焦虑学生的干预研究
发布时间：2018-10-18 08:49
【摘要】：社交焦虑在儿童中比较常见,由于社交焦虑症状具有一定的隐蔽性,不会引起家长和教师的太多关注。社交焦虑不仅影响儿童的日常交往,更影响其身心健康。如不及时干预,成人后则会发展为社交焦虑障碍。近年来国内学者对这一领域进行了大量研究,研究对象主要为大学生和中学生,针对小学生的研究较少。此外,在诸多的干预方法中,对儿童的干预研究更少,且大部分以临床居多。本研究首先采用问卷调查法,以上海市闵行区某小学四、五年级的学生249人为研究对象,采用修订的儿童社交焦虑量表进行施测,分析小学高年级学生社交焦虑的特点。结果显示:(1)在人口学变量的各个水平上,社交焦虑得分均小于常模水平。(2)害怕否定评价在性别上有差异显著,女生害怕否定评价得分高于男生。(3)社交回避及苦恼方面,独生情况与年级交互作用显著,表现为独生子女情况下年级差异不显著,但非独生子女情况下四年级的社交回避得分高于五年级的情况。这说明独生情况在社交回避及苦恼上可能扮演了一定作用。在以上调查结果的基础上,本研究尝试将团体辅导课程(如游戏、绘本等)引入小学心理健康教育,探讨团体辅导对小学高年级学生社交焦虑的干预效果。具体而言,根据上述调查问卷的普测结果,筛选出高焦虑学生49人(儿童社交焦虑量表的中国城市常模总分≥8,有社交焦虑的可能)。其中,自愿参加实验的学生有40人,分为实验组(参加团体辅导的学生20人)和对照组20人。随后,采用人际交往取向的团体辅导对小学高年级社交焦虑学生进行干预。实验组每周上一次课(每次课40分钟),对照组不上,实验组共上10节课。在干预后用儿童社交焦虑量表对实验组和对照组进行后测,再辅以干预后的学生的反馈,以评估团体辅导干预的效果。结果显示,团体辅导有效降低了小学高年级学生的社交焦虑。进一步协方差分析显示,这一效应主要体现在社交回避及苦恼维度。这表明团体辅导对缓解和降低小学高年级学生的社交焦虑具有一定的效果,对提高小学高年级学生的人际交往能力具有积极的影响,具有实用性和可操作性。
[Abstract]:Social anxiety is more common in children, because of the hidden symptoms of social anxiety, parents and teachers will not pay too much attention. Social anxiety not only affects children's daily communication, but also affects their physical and mental health. If you do not intervene in time, adult will develop into social anxiety disorder. In recent years, domestic scholars have carried out a large number of studies in this field, mainly for college students and middle school students, but not for primary school students. In addition, among the many intervention methods, children's intervention research is less, and most of them are clinical. In this study, 249 students in grade four and five of a primary school in Minhang District of Shanghai were investigated by questionnaire, and the characteristics of social anxiety were analyzed by using the revised Children's Social anxiety scale. The results showed that: (1) the scores of social anxiety in demographic variables were lower than those of norm. (2) there were significant differences in gender of fear of negative evaluation, and the scores of female students' fear of negative evaluation were higher than those of boys. (3) social avoidance and distress. The interaction between the only child and the grade was significant, showing that the grade difference was not significant in the only child situation, but the score of social avoidance in the fourth grade was higher than that in the fifth grade in the non-only child situation. This suggests that only birth conditions may play a role in social avoidance and distress. Based on the above investigation results, this study attempts to introduce group counseling courses (such as games, picture books, etc.) into mental health education in primary schools, and to explore the effect of group counseling on social anxiety of senior primary school students. In particular, 49 students with high anxiety were selected according to the general test results of the questionnaire mentioned above (the total score of Chinese urban norm of children's social anxiety scale is 鈮，
本文编号：2278616
[Abstract]:Social anxiety is more common in children, because of the hidden symptoms of social anxiety, parents and teachers will not pay too much attention. Social anxiety not only affects children's daily communication, but also affects their physical and mental health. If you do not intervene in time, adult will develop into social anxiety disorder. In recent years, domestic scholars have carried out a large number of studies in this field, mainly for college students and middle school students, but not for primary school students. In addition, among the many intervention methods, children's intervention research is less, and most of them are clinical. In this study, 249 students in grade four and five of a primary school in Minhang District of Shanghai were investigated by questionnaire, and the characteristics of social anxiety were analyzed by using the revised Children's Social anxiety scale. The results showed that: (1) the scores of social anxiety in demographic variables were lower than those of norm. (2) there were significant differences in gender of fear of negative evaluation, and the scores of female students' fear of negative evaluation were higher than those of boys. (3) social avoidance and distress. The interaction between the only child and the grade was significant, showing that the grade difference was not significant in the only child situation, but the score of social avoidance in the fourth grade was higher than that in the fifth grade in the non-only child situation. This suggests that only birth conditions may play a role in social avoidance and distress. Based on the above investigation results, this study attempts to introduce group counseling courses (such as games, picture books, etc.) into mental health education in primary schools, and to explore the effect of group counseling on social anxiety of senior primary school students. In particular, 49 students with high anxiety were selected according to the general test results of the questionnaire mentioned above (the total score of Chinese urban norm of children's social anxiety scale is 鈮，
本文编号：2278616
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