中国义务教育均衡发展报告——基于《教育规划纲要》第三方评估1的证据
发布时间：2018-10-18 21:17
【摘要】：通过对苏、鲁、鄂、湘、川、渝等14个省(市、自治区)82个县(区)546所中小学的实证调查,结合2010年-2014年义务教育发展的宏观数据和部分省(市、自治区)的典型案例分析,对2010年以来中国义务教育均衡发展状况进行监测评估。评估发现:5年来,中国义务教育均衡发展成效显著,不仅从战略任务的高度"建立健全义务教育均衡发展保障机制",而且不断"完善投入机制"、"加大教育投入",深入推进学校标准化建设成效显著,学校办学条件大幅改善,同时,"加强师资队伍建设"有所进步,"均衡配置师资"逐步实现。但也存在着义务教育经费投入"中部塌陷"、办学条件"内涵化"差距巨大、农村师资队伍结构性缺编严重、城镇化进程中新挑战不断、教育质量城乡差距甚大等问题。因此,新时期中国义务教育均衡发展要坚持五大发展理念,转变义务教育发展方式,深化义务教育综合改革,开拓义务教育内涵均衡、优质均衡与特色均衡的发展道路。
[Abstract]:Through an empirical investigation of 546 primary and secondary schools in 82 counties (autonomous regions) in 14 provinces (cities, autonomous regions), including Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and Chongqing, combined with macroscopic data on the development of compulsory education from 2010 to 2014 and typical case studies of some provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), This paper monitors and evaluates the balanced development of compulsory education in China since 2010. The results show that the balanced development of compulsory education in China has achieved remarkable results in the past five years. Not only from the height of strategic tasks, "establishing and perfecting the guarantee mechanism for the balanced development of compulsory education," but also constantly "perfecting the investment mechanism", "increasing the investment in education," making remarkable achievements in further promoting the standardization of schools, and greatly improving the conditions for running schools. At the same time, some progress has been made in strengthening the construction of the teaching staff, and the balanced allocation of teachers has been gradually realized. However, there are also some problems such as "the collapse of the central part" of compulsory education funds, the "intension" gap between the conditions of running a school, the serious structural shortage of teachers in rural areas, the continuous new challenges in the process of urbanization, and the great gap between urban and rural areas in the quality of education. Therefore, in the new period, the balanced development of compulsory education in China should adhere to the five development concepts, change the mode of development of compulsory education, deepen the comprehensive reform of compulsory education, open up the road of balanced connotation of compulsory education, balance of quality and characteristics.
【作者单位】： 西南大学教育学部暨中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心西南大学分中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学基金项目“区域义务教育均衡发展的联动机制和立体化路径研究”(13YJA880113);教育部哲学社会科学发展报告“中国义务教育发展报告”(11JBGP018) 重庆市首届研究生科研创新项目(CYB14064)
【分类号】：G522.3
[Abstract]:Through an empirical investigation of 546 primary and secondary schools in 82 counties (autonomous regions) in 14 provinces (cities, autonomous regions), including Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and Chongqing, combined with macroscopic data on the development of compulsory education from 2010 to 2014 and typical case studies of some provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), This paper monitors and evaluates the balanced development of compulsory education in China since 2010. The results show that the balanced development of compulsory education in China has achieved remarkable results in the past five years. Not only from the height of strategic tasks, "establishing and perfecting the guarantee mechanism for the balanced development of compulsory education," but also constantly "perfecting the investment mechanism", "increasing the investment in education," making remarkable achievements in further promoting the standardization of schools, and greatly improving the conditions for running schools. At the same time, some progress has been made in strengthening the construction of the teaching staff, and the balanced allocation of teachers has been gradually realized. However, there are also some problems such as "the collapse of the central part" of compulsory education funds, the "intension" gap between the conditions of running a school, the serious structural shortage of teachers in rural areas, the continuous new challenges in the process of urbanization, and the great gap between urban and rural areas in the quality of education. Therefore, in the new period, the balanced development of compulsory education in China should adhere to the five development concepts, change the mode of development of compulsory education, deepen the comprehensive reform of compulsory education, open up the road of balanced connotation of compulsory education, balance of quality and characteristics.
【作者单位】： 西南大学教育学部暨中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心西南大学分中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学基金项目“区域义务教育均衡发展的联动机制和立体化路径研究”(13YJA880113);教育部哲学社会科学发展报告“中国义务教育发展报告”(11JBGP018) 重庆市首届研究生科研创新项目(CYB14064)
【分类号】：G522.3
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