河南省普通高校毕业生就业问题分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 13:58

本文关键词： 就业高校毕业生措施河南省　出处：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本世纪初开始，我国高等教育大众化进程不断加快，高校数量快速增长，高校毕业生人数逐年递增，高校毕业生的就业问题日益得到全社会的广泛关注。从经济角度看，，高校毕业生就业不仅关乎毕业生和其家庭的切身利益，也关系到整个民族在高等教育方面的“投入产出比”的盈亏问题；从社会层面看，不仅关系到高教事业的可持续发展，更关系到国家科教兴国、人才强国战略的实施，关系到社会的稳定和实现中华民族伟大复兴的全局。党的十八大以来，随着改革开放事业进入“深水区”，社会发展模式和宏观经济结构调整面临攻坚阶段，我国高校毕业生就业问题引起党和政府、社会各届更为高度的关注。河南省作为人口大省和正在建设的人力资源大省，高校毕业生就业问题当然应该摆在突出的研究位置。论文立足于对河南省高校毕业生就业现状的全面分析，结合国内外相关理论研究结论，找出影响高校毕业生就业的主要影响因素，分析存在的问题及成因，提出解决这些问题的对策和建议。论文首先是对河南省普通高校基本情况和毕业生就业情况进行概述，其次，从六个方面进行总量分析，即：河南省高校毕业生总体就业状况分析、毕业生就业质量情况分析，毕业生就业特色分析，毕业生的社会评价与培养改进分析，毕业生的基本工作能力和核心知识分析，毕业生求职分析。研究中发现河南省高校毕业生就业存在的主要问题有：河南省劳动力市场供求关系的总量矛盾和结构性矛盾突出；非理性就业观念和劳动力市场调节的负面效应加剧；社会总体就业压力的增大；毕业生就业市场建设的不完善；政府招生就业政策制度的科学性和实效性不足；就业政策的执行效力低下；高校毕业生就业的配套政策不够完善；河南省高校发展过快导致人才培养质量下滑；现行高等教育与人才培养体制的缺失；就业指导与服务的水平低下；毕业生就业观念没有与时俱进；家庭因素对毕业生影响较大；高校毕业生缺乏系统的职业规划和就业能力的提升等。针对河南省高校毕业生就业存在的主要问题和形成这些问题的主要因素，本研究主要从社会经济环境、政府职能、高校、用人单位和毕业生个人方面等五个方面，对河南省高校毕业生就业问题的成因进行分析，并提出了相应的解决对策：有效改善高校毕业生就业的社会经济环境和市场环境，充分发挥市场对大学生就业的导向作用；政府要在高校毕业生就业中发挥重要的宏观调控作用；高校要在毕业生就业中发挥主导作用；用人单位要提高人力资源管理水平；毕业生要树立正确的就业观和培养较强的就业能力等等。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of this century, the process of popularization of higher education in China has been accelerated, the number of colleges and universities has increased rapidly, the number of university graduates has been increasing year by year, and the employment of college graduates has been paid more and more attention by the whole society. The employment of college graduates is not only related to the vital interests of graduates and their families, but also related to the profit and loss of the "input-output ratio" of the whole nation in higher education. It is also related to the national rejuvenation through science and education, the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country by talents, the stability of society and the overall situation of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since the 18 National Congress of the Party, As the cause of reform and opening to the outside world enters the "deep water area", the social development model and the adjustment of macroeconomic structure are facing a critical stage. The employment problem of college graduates in our country has caused the Party and the government to seek employment. Henan Province, as a province with a large population and a large human resource province under construction, Of course, the employment problem of college graduates should be placed in a prominent research position. The thesis is based on the comprehensive analysis of the employment situation of college graduates in Henan Province, combined with the relevant theoretical research conclusions at home and abroad. This paper finds out the main factors that affect the employment of college graduates, analyzes the existing problems and causes, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to solve these problems. Firstly, the paper summarizes the basic situation and employment of graduates in Henan Province, and secondly, analyzes the total amount of graduates from six aspects, namely: the overall employment situation of college graduates in Henan Province, the analysis of employment quality of graduates. Analysis of graduates' employment characteristics, analysis of social evaluation and training of graduates, analysis of graduates' basic working ability and core knowledge, The main problems in the employment of college graduates in Henan Province are as follows: the contradiction between the total quantity of supply and demand and the structural contradiction in the labor market of Henan Province; The negative effects of irrational employment concept and labor market regulation are aggravated; the overall social employment pressure increases; the construction of graduate employment market is not perfect; the scientific and effective system of government recruitment and employment policy is insufficient; The implementation of employment policy is low; the supporting policies for employment of college graduates are not perfect; the rapid development of colleges and universities in Henan Province leads to a decline in the quality of talent training; the lack of current higher education and talent training system; The level of employment guidance and service is low; the concept of employment of graduates does not keep pace with the times; family factors have a greater impact on graduates; college graduates lack of systematic career planning and employment ability. In view of the main problems existing in the employment of college graduates in Henan Province and the main factors contributing to these problems, this study mainly focuses on five aspects: social and economic environment, government functions, colleges and universities, employers and graduates, etc. This paper analyzes the causes of the employment of college graduates in Henan Province, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures: to effectively improve the social, economic and market environment for the employment of college graduates, and to give full play to the guiding role of the market to the employment of college students; The government should play an important macro-control role in the employment of college graduates, colleges and universities should play a leading role in the employment of graduates, employers should improve the level of human resources management; Graduates should set up a correct view of employment and cultivate strong employability and so on.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G647.38;F249.21

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